Ciro Santilli
OurBigBook.com
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中国独裁统治 China Dictatorship 新疆改造中心、六四事件、法轮功、郝海东、709大抓捕、2015巴拿马文件 邓家贵、低端人口、西藏骚乱
Science
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wiki
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words:
100k
Table of contents
100k
Philosophy of Science
link
Science
0
Reproducibility
link
Philosophy of Science
0
Replication crisis
link
Reproducibility
107
Journals must require source code and data sets to publish
link
Replication crisis
54
Big companies manage to publish white papers in peer reviewed journals
link
Journals must require source code and data sets to publish
36
Papers With Code
link
Journals must require source code and data sets to publish
0
Never trust an experiment that is not supported by a good theory
link
Philosophy of Science
79
Physics and the illusion of life
link
Philosophy of Science
635
Animation of molecular biology processes
link
Physics and the illusion of life
135
XVIVO Scientific Animation
link
Animation of molecular biology processes
0
How to make animations of molecular biology processes
link
Animation of molecular biology processes
6
David Goodsell (watercolor molecular biology painter)
link
Animation of molecular biology processes
5
Clarafi
link
Animation of molecular biology processes
0
Alan Watts controlled dream of life talk
link
Physics and the illusion of life
146
Rick and Morty A Life Well Lived
link
Physics and the illusion of life
38
Reductionism
link
Philosophy of Science
4
First principle
link
Reductionism
0
From first principles
link
First principle
0
Empirical formula
link
First principle
4
Emergence
link
Reductionism
5
Natural science
link
Science
52
Physics
link
Natural science
0
How to teach and learn physics
link
Physics
0
Physics education needs more focus on understanding experiments and their history
link
How to teach and learn physics
0
There is value in tutorials written by early pioneers of the field
link
Physics education needs more focus on understanding experiments and their history
0
Doing physics means calculating a number
link
How to teach and learn physics
0
It is OK to treat things as black boxes
link
How to teach and learn physics
0
The most important physics experiments
link
Physics
0
Physics experiment without a decent modern video
link
The most important physics experiments
0
Aharonov-Bohm effect
link
The most important physics experiments
0
Compton scattering (1923)
link
The most important physics experiments
0
Photoelectric effect
link
The most important physics experiments
0
System of units
link
Physics
0
Intrinsic standards
link
System of units
0
Physical constant
link
System of units
0
Unit of measurement
link
System of units
0
List of systems of units
link
System of units
0
International System of Units (SI)
link
List of systems of units
0
Origins of Precision by Machine Thinking (2017)
link
International System of Units
0
Versions of the international System of Units
link
International System of Units
0
2019 redefinition of the SI base units
link
Versions of the international System of Units
0
Ampere in the 2019 redefinition of the SI base units
link
International System of Units
0
Ampere
link
International System of Units
0
Kilogram
link
International System of Units
0
Avogadro project
link
Kilogram
0
Kibble balance
link
Kilogram
0
Time
link
International System of Units
0
Frequency
link
Time
0
Period (physics)
link
Frequency
0
Hertz (1857-1894)
link
Frequency
0
Megahertz
link
Hertz
0
Clock
link
Time
0
Quartz clock
link
Clock
0
Atomic clock
link
Clock
0
Caesium standard (1967, 3.26 cm)
link
Atomic clock
0
Unit of time
link
Time
0
Decimal time
link
Unit of time
0
Second (s)
link
Unit of time
0
Day (d)
link
Unit of time
0
Calendar
link
Day
0
Year (y)
link
Unit of time
0
Length
link
International System of Units
0
Meter
link
Length
0
Micrometer
link
Meter
0
Nanometer
link
Meter
0
Angstrom (Ä)
link
Meter
0
Picometer (pm)
link
Meter
0
Gauge block
link
Length
0
Light year
link
Length
0
Geiger counter
link
International System of Units
0
Natural units
link
International System of Units
0
Planck units
link
Natural units
0
Imperial units
link
System of units
0
Particle physics
link
Physics
0
Electromagnetism
link
Particle physics
0
Maxwell's equations (1861)
link
Electromagnetism
0
Faraday's law of induction
link
Maxwell's equations
0
Electromagnetic induction
link
Faraday's law of induction
0
Inductive sensor
link
Electromagnetic induction
0
Lorentz force
link
Maxwell's equations
0
Explicit scalar form of the Maxwell's equations
link
Maxwell's equations
0
Overdetermination of Maxwell's equations
link
Explicit scalar form of the Maxwell's equations
0
Coulomb's law
link
Maxwell's equations
0
Solutions of Maxwell's equations
link
Maxwell's equations
0
Maxwell's equations with pointlike particles
link
Solutions of Maxwell's equations
0
Maxwell's equations in 2D
link
Maxwell's equations
0
Existence and uniqueness of solutions to Maxwell's equations
link
Maxwell's equations
0
Electric field (
E
)
link
Maxwell's equations
0
Electric charge
link
Electric field
0
Electric charge measure unit
link
Electric charge
0
Coulomb (C)
link
Electric charge measure unit
0
Charge conservation
link
Electric charge
0
Electric current
link
Electric charge
0
Electric potential (
ϕ
)
link
Electric field
0
Volt (V)
link
Electric potential
0
Voltmeter
link
Volt
0
Voltage
link
Volt
0
Electronvolt
link
Volt
0
Hall effect
link
Maxwell's equations
0
Hall resistance (
R
x
y
,
R
H
)
link
Hall effect
0
Charge carrier density (
n
)
link
Hall effect
0
Hall effect sensor
link
Hall effect
0
Electromagnetic four-potential
link
Maxwell's equations
0
Electromagnetic tensor (
F
μ
ν
)
link
Electromagnetic four-potential
0
Four-current
link
Electromagnetic four-potential
0
Lorentz gauge condition
link
Electromagnetic four-potential
0
Coulomb gauge
link
Lorentz gauge condition
0
Magnetism
link
Electromagnetism
0
Magnetic field (
B
)
link
Magnetism
0
Tesla (unit, T)
link
Magnetic field
0
Magnetic moment
link
Magnetism
0
Magnetometer
link
Magnetism
0
Magnetic flux
link
Magnetism
0
Magnetic vector potential (
A
)
link
Magnetism
0
Relativity
link
Particle physics
0
Special relativity
link
Relativity
0
Invariance of the speed of light
link
Special relativity
0
History of special relativity
link
Special relativity
0
Luminiferous aether
link
History of special relativity
0
Aether theory
link
Luminiferous aether
0
Aether drag hypothesis
link
History of special relativity
0
Lorentz ether theory
link
Aether drag hypothesis
0
Special relativity experiment
link
Special relativity
0
Aberration (astronomy)
link
Special relativity experiment
0
Fizeau experiment
link
Special relativity experiment
0
Michelson-Morley experiment
link
Special relativity experiment
0
Hafele-Keating experiment (Special relativity atomic clock on planes experiment)
link
Special relativity experiment
0
Einstein synchronization
link
Special relativity
0
Frame of reference
link
Einstein synchronization
0
Inertial frame of reference
link
Frame of reference
0
Lorentz transformation
link
Special relativity
0
Lorentz covariance
link
Lorentz transformation
0
Lorentz invariant
link
Lorentz covariance
0
Lorentz transform consequence: everyone sees the same speed of light
link
Lorentz transformation
0
Length contraction
link
Lorentz transformation
0
Terrell rotation
link
Length contraction
0
Time dilation
link
Lorentz transformation
0
Transversal time dilation
link
Time dilation
0
Transverse Doppler effect
link
Time dilation
0
Twin paradox
link
Lorentz transformation
0
Maxwell's equations require special relativity
link
Special relativity
0
Deriving magnetism from electricity and relativity
link
Maxwell's equations require special relativity
0
Moving magnet and conductor problem
link
Maxwell's equations require special relativity
0
Covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism
link
Maxwell's equations require special relativity
0
Maxwell's equations are Lorentz invariant
link
Covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism
0
Maxwell's equations imply that the speed of light is the same for all inertial reference frames
link
Covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism
0
Maxwell Lagrangian
link
Covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism
0
Spacetime
link
Special relativity
0
Four-vector
link
Spacetime
0
Four-gradient
link
Spacetime
0
Minkowski space
link
Spacetime
0
Minkowski inner product
link
Minkowski space
0
Minkowski inner product matrix (
η
μ
ν
)
link
Minkowski inner product
0
Spacetime diagram
link
Spacetime
0
Light cone
link
Spacetime diagram
0
Timelike-separated event
link
Light cone
0
Spacelike-separated event
link
Light cone
0
Relativistic mechanics
link
Special relativity
0
Four-momentum
link
Relativistic mechanics
0
Relativistic energy
link
Four-momentum
0
Energy-momentum relation
link
Relativistic energy
0
Mass-energy equivalence (
E
=
m
c
2
)
link
Relativistic energy
0
Spacetime interval
link
Four-momentum
0
Proper time
link
Spacetime interval
0
General relativity
link
Relativity
0
Tests of general relativity
link
General relativity
0
Perihelion precession of Mercury (observed 1859, explained 1915)
link
Tests of general relativity
0
Why gravity is not a force?
link
General relativity
0
Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime
link
General relativity
0
Gravity
link
General relativity
0
Gravitational constant
link
Gravity
0
Experiments that measure the gravitational constant
link
Gravitational constant
0
Cavendish experiment
link
Experiments that measure the gravitational constant
0
Graviton
link
Gravity
0
Standard Model
link
Particle physics
0
Theory of everything (TOE)
link
Standard Model
0
Grand Unified Theory (GUT)
link
Theory of everything
0
The standard model and general relativity are incompatible
link
Theory of everything
0
Fundamental interaction
link
Theory of everything
0
Quantum gravity
link
Theory of everything
0
String theory
link
Quantum gravity
0
Subatomic particle
link
Standard Model
0
Elementary particle
link
Subatomic particle
0
Are there more than 3 generations of particles in the Standard Model?
link
Elementary particle
0
Defining properties of elementary particles
link
Elementary particle
0
Photon
link
Elementary particle
0
Light
link
Photon
0
Wave-particle duality
link
Light
0
Corpuscular theory of light
link
Wave-particle duality
0
Newton supported the corpuscular theory of light
link
Corpuscular theory of light
0
Wave theory of light
link
Wave-particle duality
0
Diffraction of light
link
Wave theory of light
0
Young's interference experiment (1803)
link
Diffraction of light
0
Arago spot (1818)
link
Diffraction of light
0
Electromagnetic radiation
link
Wave-particle duality
0
History of the electromagnetic theory of light
link
Electromagnetic radiation
0
Faraday effect (1845, Faraday rotation)
link
History of the electromagnetic theory of light
0
Light source
link
Light
0
Lamp
link
Light source
0
Incandescent light bulb
link
Lamp
0
Gas-discharge lamp
link
Lamp
0
Fluorescent lamp
link
Gas-discharge lamp
0
Neon lamp
link
Gas-discharge lamp
0
Optical fiber
link
Light
0
Photometer
link
Light
0
Spectroscopy
link
Light
0
Speed of light
link
Light
0
Speed of light experiment
link
Speed of light
0
Fizeau's determination of the speed of light with a rotating cogwheel (1848)
link
Speed of light experiment
0
Emission theory (vision)
link
Speed of light
0
Faster-than-light (FTL)
link
Speed of light
0
Faster-than-light implies time travel
link
Faster-than-light
0
Tachyon
link
Faster-than-light
0
Tachyonic antitelephone
link
Faster-than-light
0
Electromagnetic spectrum
link
Light
0
Ionizing and non-ionizing radiation
link
Electromagnetic spectrum
0
Ionizing radiation
link
Ionizing and non-ionizing radiation
0
Non-ionizing radiation
link
Ionizing and non-ionizing radiation
0
Very low frequency (VLF, 100 to 10 km, 3 kHz - 30 kHh)
link
Electromagnetic spectrum
0
Radio wave (1 m or more, 300 GHz or less)
link
Electromagnetic spectrum
0
Microwave (1 mm - 1 m, 300 MHz - 300 GHz)
link
Radio wave
0
Ultra High Frequency (10 mm - 1 m, 300 MHz - 3 GHz)
link
Microwave
0
Microwave source
link
Microwave
0
Klystron (1937)
link
Microwave source
0
Cavity magnetron (1940)
link
Microwave source
0
Microwave transmission
link
Microwave
0
Microwave transmission for trading
link
Microwave transmission
0
Microwave vs radio wave transmission
link
Microwave transmission
0
Microwave oven
link
Microwave
0
Infrared (680 nm - 1 m)
link
Electromagnetic spectrum
0
Visible spectrum (420-680 nm, 400-700 THz)
link
Electromagnetic spectrum
0
Ultraviolet (10 nm - 400 nm)
link
Electromagnetic spectrum
0
X-ray (10 pm - 10 nm)
link
Electromagnetic spectrum
0
Photon spin
link
Photon
0
Radiation pressure
link
Photon
0
Nichols radiometer
link
Radiation pressure
0
Solar sail
link
Radiation pressure
0
Single photon production and detection experiments
link
Photon
0
Spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC)
link
Single photon production and detection experiments
0
Two photon interference experiment
link
Single photon production and detection experiments
0
Photomultiplier
link
Single photon production and detection experiments
0
Photomultiplier tube
link
Photomultiplier
0
Silicon photomultiplier
link
Photomultiplier
0
Squeezed state of light
link
Photon
0
Optics
link
Photon
0
Optoelectronics
link
Optics
0
Optical component
link
Optics
0
Beam splitter
link
Optical component
0
Half-silvered mirror
link
Optical component
0
Collimator
link
Optical component
0
Collimated beam
link
Collimator
0
Parallel light
link
Collimated beam
0
Diffraction grating
link
Optical component
0
Diaphragm (optics)
link
Optical component
0
Lens
link
Optical component
0
Biconvex spherical lens
link
Lens
0
Focal length (f)
link
Biconvex spherical lens
0
Camera obscura
link
Optics
0
Optical cavity
link
Optics
0
Optics vendor
link
Optics
0
Carl Zeiss AG
link
Optics vendor
0
Carl Zeiss SMT
link
Carl Zeiss AG
0
Point light source
link
Optics
0
Photonics
link
Optics
0
Silicon photonics
link
Photonics
0
Optical computer
link
Silicon photonics
0
Celestial AI (2020)
link
Optical computer
0
Lightmatter (2017)
link
Optical computer
0
Lumai
link
Optical computer
0
Photon polarization
link
Photonics
0
Polarization of light
link
Photon polarization
0
Polarizer
link
Photon polarization
0
Fresnel equations
link
Polarizer
0
Brewster's angle
link
Fresnel equations
0
History of polarization
link
Polarizer
0
Malus' Law
link
Polarizer
0
Étienne-Louis Malus (1775-1812)
link
Malus' Law
0
Three polarizers 45 degrees apart
link
Polarizer
0
Poincaré sphere
link
Photonics
0
Photonics equipment
link
Photonics
0
Acousto-optic modulator
link
Photonics equipment
0
Interferometer
link
Photonics equipment
0
Fabry-Pérot interferometer
link
Interferometer
0
Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI, 1891)
link
Interferometer
0
Optical fibre
link
Photonics equipment
0
Optical table
link
Photonics equipment
0
Optical ring resonator
link
Photonics equipment
0
Higgs boson
link
Elementary particle
0
Goldstone's theorem
link
Higgs boson
0
Higgs mechanism
link
Higgs boson
0
Lepton
link
Elementary particle
0
Electron
link
Lepton
0
Elementary charge (
1
.
6
0
2
1
7
6
6
3
×
1
0
−
1
9
C
)
link
Electron
0
Why do the electron and the proton have the same charge except for the opposite signs?
link
Elementary charge
0
Oil drop experiment
link
Elementary charge
0
Electron rest mass
link
Electron
0
Positron (1932)
link
Electron
0
Muon (1936)
link
Lepton
0
Neutrino
link
Lepton
0
Cowan-Reines neutrino experiment (1956)
link
Neutrino
0
Composite particle
link
Subatomic particle
0
Hadron
link
Composite particle
0
Baryon
link
Hadron
0
Baryon vs meson vs lepton
link
Baryon
0
Neutron
link
Hadron
0
Proton
link
Hadron
0
Proton-to-electron mass ratio
link
Proton
0
Meson
link
Hadron
0
Pion (1947)
link
Meson
0
Kaon
link
Meson
0
Eightfold way (physics)
link
Subatomic particle
0
Parameters of the Standard Model
link
Standard Model
0
Standard Model Lagrangian
link
Standard Model
0
Why do symmetries such as SU(3), SU(2) and U(1) matter in particle physics?
link
Standard Model
0
Applications of particle physics
link
Particle physics
0
Quantum mechanics
link
Particle physics
0
Quantum mechanics experiment
link
Quantum mechanics
0
Emission spectrum
link
Quantum mechanics experiment
0
Spectral line
link
Emission spectrum
0
NIST Atomic Spectra Database
link
Spectral line
0
Forbidden mechanism
link
Spectral line
0
Selection rule
link
Forbidden mechanism
0
Metastable electron
link
Selection rule
0
Rydberg atom
link
Spectral line
0
Hydrogen emission spectrum
link
Spectral line
0
Gross hydrogen emission spectrum
link
Hydrogen emission spectrum
0
Hydrogen 1-2 spectral line (121.6 nm, 10.2e V)
link
Gross hydrogen emission spectrum
0
Rydberg formula (1888)
link
Hydrogen emission spectrum
0
Balmer series (1885)
link
Rydberg formula
0
Hydrogen spectral series
link
Hydrogen emission spectrum
0
Pickering series (1896)
link
Hydrogen spectral series
0
Fine structure
link
Spectral line
0
Fine structure constant (
α
)
link
Fine structure
0
Hyperfine structure
link
Fine structure
0
Hydrogen line
link
Hyperfine structure
0
Zeeman effect
link
Spectral line
0
Anomalous Zeeman effect
link
Zeeman effect
0
Double-slit experiment
link
Quantum mechanics experiment
0
Single particle double slit experiment
link
Double-slit experiment
0
Single electron double slit experiment
link
Single particle double slit experiment
0
Are particles bounced by the first wall in the double slit experiment?
link
Double-slit experiment
0
Franck-Hertz experiment
link
Quantum mechanics experiment
0
Quantum Hall effect (theorized 1975, observed 1978)
link
Quantum mechanics experiment
0
Integer quantum Hall effect
link
Quantum Hall effect
0
Fractional quantum Hall effect
link
Quantum Hall effect
0
Fractional quantum Hall effect for
ν
=
1
/
m
link
Fractional quantum Hall effect
0
Fractional quantum Hall effect for
ν
=
1
/
m
link
Fractional quantum Hall effect
0
Fractional quantum Hall effect 5/2
link
Fractional quantum Hall effect for
ν
=
1
/
m
0
Spin Hall effect
link
Quantum Hall effect
0
Macroscopic quantum phenomena
link
Quantum mechanics experiment
0
History of quantum mechanics
link
Quantum mechanics
0
Timeline of quantum mechanics
link
History of quantum mechanics
0
Old quantum theory
link
History of quantum mechanics
0
History of quantum mechanics bibliography
link
Quantum mechanics
0
The Quantum Story by Jim Baggott (2011)
link
History of quantum mechanics bibliography
0
The Old Quantum Theory by Dirk ter Haar (1967)
link
History of quantum mechanics bibliography
0
Quantum mechanics bibliography
link
Quantum mechanics
0
Introductory Quantum Mechanics by Richard Fitzpatrick (2020)
link
Quantum mechanics bibliography
0
The Principles of Quantum Mechanics by Paul Dirac (1930)
link
Quantum mechanics bibliography
0
The Principles of Quantum Mechanics by Paul Dirac revised fourth edition (1967)
link
The Principles of Quantum Mechanics by Paul Dirac (1930)
0
MIT 8.06 Quantum Physics III, Spring 2018 by Barton Zwiebach
link
Quantum mechanics bibliography
0
Applications of Quantum Mechanics by David Tong (2017)
link
Quantum mechanics bibliography
0
Quantum Mechanics for Engineers by Leon van Dommelen (2011)
link
Quantum mechanics bibliography
0
Quantum physics by Jim Branson (2003)
link
Quantum mechanics bibliography
0
Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics
link
Quantum mechanics
0
Schrödinger picture
link
Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics
0
Schrödinger picture example: quantum harmonic oscillator
link
Schrödinger picture
0
Wave function collapse
link
Schrödinger picture
0
Interpretations of quantum mechanics
link
Wave function collapse
0
Categorical quantum mechanics
link
Interpretations of quantum mechanics
0
EPR paradox
link
Interpretations of quantum mechanics
0
Many-worlds interpretation
link
Interpretations of quantum mechanics
0
Universal wavefunction
link
Many-worlds interpretation
0
Born rule
link
Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics
0
Bra-ket notation
link
Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics
0
Dirac-von Neumann axioms
link
Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics
0
Linearity of quantum mechanics
link
Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics
0
Observable
link
Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics
0
Phase-space formulation
link
Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics
0
Non-relativistic quantum mechanics
link
Quantum mechanics
0
Schrödinger equation
link
Non-relativistic quantum mechanics
0
Time-independent Schrödinger equation
link
Schrödinger equation
0
Solving the Schrodinger equation with the time-independent Schrödinger equation
link
Time-independent Schrödinger equation
0
Derivation of the Schrodinger equation
link
Schrödinger equation
0
Why are complex numbers used in the Schrodinger equation?
link
Derivation of the Schrodinger equation
0
Schrodinger equation Hamiltonian
link
Schrödinger equation
0
The Schrodinger equation Hamiltonian has to be Hermitian
link
Schrödinger equation
0
Solutions of the Schrodinger equation
link
Schrödinger equation
0
Schrödinger equation simulations
link
Solutions of the Schrodinger equation
0
Why it is hard to simulate quantum systems?
link
Schrödinger equation simulations
0
Schrödinger equation for a one dimensional particle
link
Solutions of the Schrodinger equation
0
Schrödinger equation for a free one dimensional particle
link
Solutions of the Schrodinger equation
0
Plane wave function
link
Schrödinger equation for a free one dimensional particle
0
Time-independent Schrödinger equation for a free one dimensional particle
link
Schrödinger equation for a free one dimensional particle
0
Particle in a box
link
Solutions of the Schrodinger equation
0
Quantum harmonic oscillator
link
Solutions of the Schrodinger equation
0
Quantum LC circuit
link
Quantum harmonic oscillator
0
Hermite polynomials
link
Quantum harmonic oscillator
0
Hermite functions
link
Hermite polynomials
0
Ladder operator
link
Quantum harmonic oscillator
0
Quantum tunnelling
link
Solutions of the Schrodinger equation
0
Schrödinger equation solution for the hydrogen atom
link
Solutions of the Schrodinger equation
0
Atomic orbital
link
Schrödinger equation solution for the hydrogen atom
0
Quantum number
link
Schrödinger equation solution for the hydrogen atom
0
Principal quantum number (n)
link
Quantum number
0
Azimuthal quantum number (l)
link
Quantum number
0
s-orbital
link
Azimuthal quantum number
0
p-orbital
link
Azimuthal quantum number
0
d-orbital
link
Azimuthal quantum number
0
f-orbital
link
Azimuthal quantum number
0
Magnetic quantum number (
m
l
)
link
Quantum number
0
Spin quantum number (
m
s
)
link
Quantum number
0
Spectroscopic notation
link
Spin quantum number
0
Solutions for the Schrodinger equation with multiple particles
link
Solutions of the Schrodinger equation
0
Separable state
link
Solutions for the Schrodinger equation with multiple particles
0
Solutions of the Schrodinger equation for two electrons
link
Solutions for the Schrodinger equation with multiple particles
0
Orbital approximation
link
Solutions for the Schrodinger equation with multiple particles
0
Schrödinger equation solution for the helium atom
link
Solutions for the Schrodinger equation with multiple particles
0
Hartree-Fock method
link
Solutions for the Schrodinger equation with multiple particles
0
Hartree-Fock method for the helium atom
link
Hartree-Fock method
0
Why do multiple electrons occupy the same orbital if electrons repel each other?
link
Hartree-Fock method
0
Aufbau principle
link
Hartree-Fock method
0
Electron configuration
link
Aufbau principle
0
Electron configuration notation (
1
s
2
2
s
2
2
p
6
, 1s2 2s2 2p6)
link
Aufbau principle
0
Why does 2s have less energy than 1s if they have the same principal quantum number?
link
Aufbau principle
0
Madelung energy ordering rule
link
Aufbau principle
0
Exception to the Madelung energy ordering rule
link
Madelung energy ordering rule
0
Term symbol (
2
S
1
/
2
,
2
P
1
/
2
,
2
P
3
/
2
)
link
Aufbau principle
0
Hund's rules (1927)
link
Term symbol
0
Hund's first rule
link
Hund's rules
0
Hund's second rule
link
Hund's rules
0
Term symbols for carbon ground state
link
Solutions for the Schrodinger equation with multiple particles
0
Schrödinger equation solution for molecule
link
Solutions for the Schrodinger equation with multiple particles
0
Schrödinger equation solution for the hydrogen molecule
link
Schrödinger equation solution for molecule
0
Chemical bond
link
Schrödinger equation solution for molecule
0
Molecule
link
Chemical bond
0
Isomer
link
Molecule
0
Cis-trans isomerism
link
Isomer
0
Enantiomer
link
Isomer
0
Polymorphism (materials science)
link
Isomer
0
Stereochemistry
link
Isomer
0
Covalent bond
link
Chemical bond
0
Sigma bond
link
Covalent bond
0
Pi bond
link
Covalent bond
0
Double bond
link
Pi bond
0
Triple bond
link
Pi bond
0
Ionic bond
link
Chemical bond
0
Octet rule
link
Chemical bond
0
Two-state quantum system
link
Solutions of the Schrodinger equation
0
Bloch sphere
link
Two-state quantum system
0
Pauli matrix
link
Two-state quantum system
0
Born-Oppenheimer approximation
link
Schrödinger equation
0
Uncertainty principle
link
Schrödinger equation
0
Position and momentum space
link
Uncertainty principle
0
Position representation
link
Position and momentum space
0
Position operator
link
Position and momentum space
0
Momentum operator
link
Position and momentum space
0
Squeezed coherent state
link
Position and momentum space
0
Energy operator
link
Uncertainty principle
0
Time-energy uncertainty principle
link
Energy operator
0
Angular momentum operator
link
Uncertainty principle
0
Total angular momentum operator
link
Angular momentum operator
0
Complementarity (physics)
link
Uncertainty principle
0
Conservation laws in Schrodinger equations
link
Schrödinger equation
0
Conservation of the square amplitude in the Schrodinger equation
link
Conservation laws in Schrodinger equations
0
Probability current
link
Conservation of the square amplitude in the Schrodinger equation
0
Wave function (
ψ
)
link
Schrödinger equation
0
Matter wave (1923)
link
Wave function
0
Electron diffraction experiment
link
Matter wave
0
Diffraction of Cathode Rays by a Thin Film by Thomson and Reid (1927)
link
Electron diffraction experiment
0
Davisson-Germer experiment (1927)
link
Electron diffraction experiment
0
de Broglie relations
link
Matter wave
0
Equivalent alternatives to the Schrodinger equation
link
Non-relativistic quantum mechanics
0
Matrix mechanics (1925)
link
Equivalent alternatives to the Schrodinger equation
0
Quantum mechanical re-interpretation of kinematic and mechanical relations by Heisenberg (1925) (Über quantentheoretische Umdeutung kinematischer und mechanischer Beziehungen)
link
Matrix mechanics
0
Heisenberg picture
link
Matrix mechanics
0
De Broglie-Bohm theory
link
Equivalent alternatives to the Schrodinger equation
0
Planck-Einstein relation
link
Quantum mechanics
0
Planck constant (
h
, 6.62E-34)
link
Planck-Einstein relation
0
Reduced Planck constant (
ℏ
,
h
/
2
π
)
link
Planck constant
0
Relativistic quantum mechanics
link
Quantum mechanics
0
The Schrödinger equation is not relativistic
link
Relativistic quantum mechanics
0
Dirac equation
link
Relativistic quantum mechanics
0
Absorption, spontaneous and stimulated emission
link
Dirac equation
0
Spontaneous emission
link
Absorption, spontaneous and stimulated emission
0
Spontaneous emission defies causality
link
Spontaneous emission
0
Photon absorption
link
Absorption, spontaneous and stimulated emission
0
Stimulated emission
link
Absorption, spontaneous and stimulated emission
0
Einstein coefficients
link
Absorption, spontaneous and stimulated emission
0
The Dirac equation predicts spin
link
Dirac equation
0
Antimatter
link
Dirac equation
0
Particle creation and annihilation
link
Dirac equation
0
Particle decay
link
Particle creation and annihilation
0
Pair production
link
Particle decay
0
Relativistic particle in a box thought experiment
link
Particle creation and annihilation
0
The Dirac equation is consistent with special relativity
link
Dirac equation
0
Derivation of the Dirac equation
link
Dirac equation
0
Pauli equation
link
Dirac equation
0
Klein-Gordon equation
link
Dirac equation
0
Derivation of the Klein-Gordon equation
link
Klein-Gordon equation
0
Solutions of the Dirac equation
link
Dirac equation
0
Dirac equation solution for the hydrogen atom
link
Solutions of the Dirac equation
0
Spin (physics)
link
Dirac equation
0
Spin experiments
link
Spin
0
Stern-Gerlach experiment (1921)
link
Spin experiments
0
Spintronics
link
Spin experiments
0
Spin valve
link
Spintronics
0
Tunnel magnetoresistance
link
Spintronics
0
Giant magnetoresistance (1988)
link
Spintronics
0
Spin-transfer torque (1996)
link
Spintronics
0
Spin number of a field
link
Spin
0
Spin 0
link
Spin number of a field
0
Spin half
link
Spin number of a field
0
Spin 1
link
Spin number of a field
0
Proca equation
link
Spin 1
0
Spin 2
link
Spin number of a field
0
Why is the spin of the electron half?
link
Spin number of a field
0
Pauli exclusion principle
link
Spin
0
Slater determinant
link
Pauli exclusion principle
0
Fermions, bosons and anyons
link
Pauli exclusion principle
0
Fermion
link
Fermions, bosons and anyons
0
Boson
link
Fermions, bosons and anyons
0
Anyon (experimental: 2020, 2D only)
link
Fermions, bosons and anyons
0
Abelian an non abelian anyons
link
Anyon
0
Abelian anyon
link
Abelian an non abelian anyons
0
Non Abelian anyon
link
Abelian an non abelian anyons
0
Spin-statistics theorem
link
Pauli exclusion principle
0
Electron degeneracy pressure
link
Pauli exclusion principle
0
Dirac Lagrangian
link
Dirac equation
0
Dirac adjoint
link
Dirac Lagrangian
0
Gamma matrices
link
Dirac Lagrangian
0
Feynman slash notation
link
Dirac Lagrangian
0
Quantum field theory
link
Relativistic quantum mechanics
0
Quantum field
link
Quantum field theory
0
Mathematical formulation of quantum field theory
link
Quantum field theory
0
Gauge theory
link
Mathematical formulation of quantum field theory
0
Lattice gauge theory
link
Gauge theory
0
Gauge field
link
Gauge theory
0
Gauge symmetry
link
Gauge theory
0
Fock space
link
Mathematical formulation of quantum field theory
0
Second quantization
link
Mathematical formulation of quantum field theory
0
Canonical quantization
link
Second quantization
0
Path integral formulation
link
Mathematical formulation of quantum field theory
0
Quantum particles take all possible paths
link
Path integral formulation
0
Propagator
link
Path integral formulation
0
Infinitely many slits thought experiment
link
Path integral formulation
0
Renormalization
link
Mathematical formulation of quantum field theory
0
Mass renormalization
link
Renormalization
0
Renormalization group
link
Renormalization
0
Cutoff energy
link
Renormalization
0
Effective field theory
link
Renormalization
0
Yang-Mills theory
link
Renormalization
0
Yang-Mills existence and mass gap
link
Yang-Mills theory
0
Wightman axioms
link
Yang-Mills existence and mass gap
0
Quantum electrodynamics
link
Quantum field theory
0
Quantum electrodynamics experiment
link
Quantum electrodynamics
0
Lamb shift (1947)
link
Quantum electrodynamics experiment
0
Lamb-Retherford experiment (1947, Lamb shift experiment)
link
Lamb shift
0
Electron magnetic moment
link
Quantum electrodynamics experiment
0
Anomalous magnetic dipole moment
link
Electron magnetic moment
0
Anomalous magnetic dipole moment of the electron
link
Anomalous magnetic dipole moment
0
The Magnetic Moment of the Electron by Kusch and Foley (1948)
link
Anomalous magnetic dipole moment of the electron
0
Dirac equation vs quantum electrodynamics
link
Quantum electrodynamics experiment
0
Applications of quantum electrodynamics
link
Quantum electrodynamics
0
Quantum electrodynamics Lagrangian
link
Quantum electrodynamics
0
Derivation of the quantum electrodynamics Lagrangian
link
Quantum electrodynamics Lagrangian
0
What does it mean that photons are force carriers for electromagnetism?
link
Quantum electrodynamics
0
Photon field
link
Quantum electrodynamics
0
Schwinger effect
link
Quantum electrodynamics
0
Feynman diagram
link
Quantum electrodynamics
0
Feynman diagram solver
link
Feynman diagram
0
Does the exact position of vertices matter in Feynman diagrams?
link
Feynman diagram
0
Wheeler-Feynman absorber theory
link
Quantum electrodynamics
0
Cavity quantum electrodynamics
link
Quantum electrodynamics
0
Circuit quantum electrodynamics
link
Cavity quantum electrodynamics
0
Positrons are electrons travelling back in time
link
Quantum electrodynamics
0
Quantum electrodynamics bibliography
link
Quantum electrodynamics
0
Quantum Theory of Radiation by Fermi (1932)
link
Quantum electrodynamics bibliography
0
Advanced quantum mechanics by Freeman Dyson (1951)
link
Quantum electrodynamics bibliography
0
Selected Papers on Quantum Electrodynamics by Julian Schwinger (1958)
link
Quantum electrodynamics bibliography
0
Richard Feynman Quantum Electrodynamics Lecture at University of Auckland (1979)
link
Quantum electrodynamics bibliography
0
Quantum Mechanical View of Reality by Richard Feynman (1983)
link
Richard Feynman Quantum Electrodynamics Lecture at University of Auckland (1979)
0
Quantum electrodynamics by Lifshitz et al. 2nd edition (1982)
link
Quantum electrodynamics bibliography
0
Physics 253a by Sidney Coleman (1986)
link
Quantum electrodynamics bibliography
0
QED and the men who made it: Dyson, Feynman, Schwinger, and Tomonaga by Silvan Schweber (1994)
link
Quantum electrodynamics bibliography
0
Advanced quantum mechanics II by Douglas Gingrich (2004)
link
Quantum electrodynamics bibliography
0
Weak interaction
link
Quantum field theory
0
Electroweak interaction
link
Weak interaction
0
Parity violation
link
Weak interaction
0
Wu experiment (1956)
link
Parity violation
0
CP Violation
link
Parity violation
0
CPT symmetry
link
CP Violation
0
Strong CP problem
link
CP Violation
0
Weak charge
link
Weak interaction
0
W boson
link
Weak interaction
0
Z boson
link
Weak interaction
0
Quantum chromodynamics (QCD)
link
Quantum field theory
0
Quark
link
Quantum chromodynamics
0
Down quark
link
Quark
0
Up quark
link
Quark
0
Why do the up ad down quarks have different masses?
link
Up quark
0
Strange quark
link
Quantum chromodynamics
0
Gluon
link
Quantum chromodynamics
0
Glueball
link
Gluon
0
Proton decay
link
Quantum chromodynamics
0
Strong interaction
link
Quantum chromodynamics
0
Color charge
link
Quantum chromodynamics
0
Color confinement
link
Quantum chromodynamics
0
Quantum field theory simulations
link
Quantum field theory
0
Nielsen-Ninomiya theorem
link
Quantum field theory simulations
0
Infinities in quantum field theory
link
Quantum field theory
0
Mathematical consistency of quantum field theory
link
Infinities in quantum field theory
0
Internal and spacetime symmetries
link
Quantum field theory
0
Internal symmetry
link
Internal and spacetime symmetries
0
Spacetime symmetry
link
Internal and spacetime symmetries
0
Quantum field theory bibliography
link
Quantum field theory
0
Quantum field theory lecture notes
link
Quantum field theory bibliography
0
An Introduction to QED and QCD by Jeff Forshaw (1997)
link
Quantum field theory lecture notes
0
Quantum Field Theory lecture notes by David Tong (2007)
link
Quantum field theory lecture notes
0
Quantum Field Theory book by Mark Srednicki (2006)
link
Quantum field theory lecture notes
0
Quantum field theory lectures
link
Quantum field theory bibliography
0
Relativistic Quantum Mechanics by Apoorva D Patel (2014)
link
Quantum field theory lectures
0
New Revolutions in Particle Physics by Leonard Susskind (2009)
link
Quantum field theory lectures
0
David Tong's 2009 Quantum Field Theory lectures at the Perimeter Institute
link
Quantum field theory lectures
0
Lecture 1
link
David Tong's 2009 Quantum Field Theory lectures at the Perimeter Institute
0
Quantum field theory courses by Tobias Osborne
link
Quantum field theory lectures
0
Quantum field theory lecture by Tobias Osborne (2017)
link
Quantum field theory courses by Tobias Osborne
0
Lecture 1
link
Quantum field theory lecture by Tobias Osborne (2017)
0
Lecture 2
link
Quantum field theory lecture by Tobias Osborne (2017)
0
Lecture 3
link
Quantum field theory lecture by Tobias Osborne (2017)
0
Lecture 4
link
Quantum field theory lecture by Tobias Osborne (2017)
0
Lecture 5
link
Quantum field theory lecture by Tobias Osborne (2017)
0
Lecture 8
link
Quantum field theory lecture by Tobias Osborne (2017)
0
Lecture 9
link
Quantum field theory lecture by Tobias Osborne (2017)
0
Lecture 14
link
Quantum field theory lecture by Tobias Osborne (2017)
0
Lecture 15
link
Quantum field theory lecture by Tobias Osborne (2017)
0
Advanced quantum field theory lecture by Tobias Osborne (2017)
link
Quantum field theory courses by Tobias Osborne
0
Lecture 2
link
Advanced quantum field theory lecture by Tobias Osborne (2017)
0
Quantum field theory book
link
Quantum field theory bibliography
0
No-Nonsense Quantum Field Theory by Jakob Schwichtenberg (2020)
link
Quantum field theory book
0
Quantum Field Theory for The Gifted Amateur by Tom Lancaster (2015)
link
Quantum field theory book
0
Student Friendly Quantum Field Theory by Robert D Klauber (2013)
link
Quantum field theory book
0
Quantum field theory in a nutshell by Anthony Zee (2010)
link
Quantum field theory book
0
Problem Book in Quantum Field Theory by Voja Radovanovic (2008)
link
Quantum field theory book
0
Quantum Field Theory Demystified by David McMahon (2008)
link
Quantum field theory book
0
An Introduction To Quantum Field Theory by Peskin and Schroeder (1995)
link
Quantum field theory book
0
Quantization (physics)
link
Quantum mechanics
0
Quantization of a real scalar field
link
Quantization
0
Quantum superposition
link
Quantum mechanics
0
Quantum entanglement
link
Quantum mechanics
0
Bell's theorem
link
Quantum entanglement
0
Bell test experiment
link
Bell's theorem
0
Loopholes in Bell test experiments
link
Bell test experiment
0
Local hidden-variable theory
link
Bell's theorem
0
No-go theorem
link
Quantum mechanics
0
Experimental particle physics
link
Particle physics
0
Cross section (physics)
link
Experimental particle physics
0
Barn (unit)
link
Cross section
0
Particle detector
link
Experimental particle physics
0
Cloud chamber
link
Particle detector
0
Bubble chamber
link
Particle detector
0
Particle accelerator
link
Experimental particle physics
0
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link
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0
CERN
link
Particle accelerator facility
0
CERN experiment
link
CERN
0
Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
link
CERN experiment
0
Superconducting Super Collider
link
Particle accelerator facility
0
Synchrotron
link
Particle accelerator
0
Cyclotron
link
Synchrotron
0
Landau quantization
link
Cyclotron
0
Landau level
link
Landau quantization
0
Nuclear physics
link
Particle physics
0
Atomic nucleus
link
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0
Nucleon
link
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0
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link
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0
Radioactive decay
link
Nuclear physics
0
Type of radioactive decay
link
Radioactive decay
0
Alpha decay
link
Type of radioactive decay
0
Cluster decay
link
Alpha decay
0
Spontaneous fission
link
Alpha decay
0
Alpha particle
link
Alpha decay
0
Geiger-Nuttall law
link
Alpha particle
0
Beta decay
link
Type of radioactive decay
0
Gamma ray
link
Type of radioactive decay
0
Nuclear isomer
link
Gamma ray
0
Decay chain
link
Radioactive decay
0
Decay scheme
link
Radioactive decay
0
Half-life
link
Radioactive decay
0
Isotope
link
Nuclear physics
0
Nuclear fission
link
Nuclear physics
0
Neutron temperature
link
Nuclear fission
0
Fast neutron
link
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0
Slow neutron
link
Neutron temperature
0
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link
Nuclear fission
0
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link
Nuclear fission
0
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link
Nuclear chain reaction
0
Nuclear magnetic moment
link
Nuclear physics
0
Nuclear magnetic resonance
link
Nuclear magnetic moment
0
Larmor precession
link
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0
Larmor frequency
link
Larmor precession
0
Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
link
Nuclear magnetic resonance
0
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link
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0
NMR vendor
link
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0
Bruker Corporation
link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
Gun-type fission weapon
link
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0
Implosion-type fission weapon
link
Fission weapon by geometry
0
Boosted fission weapon
link
Fission weapon
0
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link
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0
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link
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0
Mark 17 nuclear bomb (1954-1957)
link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
Einstein-Szilard letter (1939-08-02)
link
Manhattan Project
0
Chicago Pile-1 (1942-12-02)
link
Manhattan Project
0
Metallurgical Laboratory
link
Chicago Pile-1
0
Trinity (nuclear test, 1945-07-16, first nuclear weapon detonated)
link
Manhattan Project
0
British nuclear weapons program
link
Nuclear weapons program
0
Atomic Weapons Establishment (AWE)
link
British nuclear weapons program
0
French nuclear weapons program
link
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0
German nuclear weapons program (Uranprojekt, Uranverein)
link
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0
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link
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0
Nuclear triad
link
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0
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link
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0
LGM-30 Minuteman
link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
Tactical and strategic nuclear weapons
link
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0
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link
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0
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link
Tactical and strategic nuclear weapons
0
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link
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0
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link
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0
Fat Man (1945)
link
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0
Little Boy (1945)
link
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0
History of particle physics
link
Particle physics
0
The Harvest of a Century by Siegmund Brandt (2008)
link
History of particle physics
0
Inward Bound by Abraham Pais (1988)
link
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0
Particle physics bibliography
link
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0
PBS Space Time
link
Particle physics bibliography
0
2011 PHYS 485 lecture videos by Roger Moore from the University of Alberta
link
Particle physics bibliography
0
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link
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0
Andrew Dotson YouTube channel
link
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0
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link
Andrew Dotson YouTube channel
0
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link
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0
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0
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link
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0
Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky
link
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0
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link
Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky
0
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link
Particle physics YouTube channel
0
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link
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0
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link
Energy
0
Conservation of energy
link
Energy
0
Potential energy
link
Energy
0
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link
Energy
0
Why kinetic energy is
m
v
2
/
2
?
link
Kinetic energy
0
Work (physics)
link
Energy
0
Why work is force times distance?
link
Work
0
Experimental physics
link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
Principle of locality
link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
Causality in quantum mechanics
0
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link
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0
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link
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0
Abraham Pais Prize for History of Physics
link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
Bravais lattice
link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
Four-terminal sensing
link
Electrical resistivity and conductivity
0
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link
Electrical resistivity and conductivity
0
Kondo effect (Resistivity increase when temperature is lowered)
link
Dependence of electrical resistivity on tempreature
0
Semiconductor
link
Electrical resistivity and conductivity
0
Type of semiconductor
link
Semiconductor
0
III-V semiconductor
link
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0
Superconductivity
link
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0
Superconductor resistivity experiment video
link
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0
Superconductor coil experiment video
link
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0
Superconductivity is a a form of superfluidity
link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
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link
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0
Room temperature and pressure superconductor
link
Room temperature superconductor
0
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Bohr model
0
Bohr-Sommerfeld model (1916)
link
Bohr model
0
Analytical chemistry
link
Chemistry
0
Gas chromatography (GC)
link
Analytical chemistry
0
Gas chromatography etymology
link
Gas chromatography
0
Chemist
link
Chemistry
0
Alfred Nobel
link
Chemist
0
Johann Joseph Loschmidt
link
Chemist
0
Wilhelm Ostwald
link
Chemist
0
Chemical element
link
Chemistry
0
Hydrogen (H, 1)
link
Chemical element
0
Water
link
Hydrogen
0
Ice
link
Water
0
Snow
link
Ice
0
Isotope of hydrogen
link
Hydrogen
0
Protium (
1
H, stable, 99.98%)
link
Isotope of hydrogen
0
Deuterium (
2
H, stable, 0.02%)
link
Isotope of hydrogen
0
Heavy water
link
Deuterium
0
Semiheavy water
link
Heavy water
0
Girdler sulfide process
link
Heavy water
0
Tritium (
3
H, 12 y)
link
Isotope of hydrogen
0
Helium (He, 2)
link
Chemical element
0
Helium-3
link
Helium
0
Helium-4
link
Helium
0
Liquid helium (4.2 K)
link
Helium
0
Superfluid helium
link
Liquid helium
0
Superfluid helium-3
link
Superfluid helium
0
Superfluid helium-4
link
Superfluid helium
0
Boron (B, 5)
link
Chemical element
0
Carbon (C, 6)
link
Chemical element
0
Carbon isotope
link
Carbon
0
Carbon-12 (stable, 99%)
link
Carbon isotope
0
Carbon-13 (stable, 1%)
link
Carbon isotope
0
Carbon-14 (5 ky)
link
Carbon isotope
0
Radiocarbon dating
link
Carbon-14
0
Before Present
link
Radiocarbon dating
0
Carbon compound
link
Carbon
0
Allotrope of carbon
link
Carbon compound
0
Diamond
link
Allotrope of carbon
0
Fullerene
link
Allotrope of carbon
0
Endohedral fullerene
link
Fullerene
0
Graphite
link
Allotrope of carbon
0
Nuclear graphite
link
Graphite
0
Graphene
link
Graphite
0
Carbonate (
C
O
3
2
−
)
link
Carbon compound
0
Calcium carbonate (
C
a
C
O
3
)
link
Carbonate
0
Calcium carbonate polymorph
link
Calcium carbonate
0
Calcite
link
Calcium carbonate polymorph
0
Aragonite (1797)
link
Calcium carbonate polymorph
0
Vaterite
link
Calcium carbonate polymorph
0
Nitrogen (N, 7)
link
Chemical element
0
Liquid nitrogen
link
Nitrogen
0
Nitrogen compound
link
Nitrogen
0
Ammonium
link
Nitrogen compound
0
Oxygen (O, 8)
link
Chemical element
0
Quartz (
S
i
O
2
)
link
Oxygen
0
Neon (Ne, 10)
link
Chemical element
0
Sodium (Na, 11)
link
Chemical element
0
Sodium chloride (NaCl)
link
Sodium
0
Aluminium (Al, 13)
link
Chemical element
0
Superconducting temperature of aluminum (1.2 kelvin)
link
Aluminium
0
Silicon (Si, 14)
link
Chemical element
0
Phosphorus (P, 15, 3s2 3d3)
link
Chemical element
0
Why phosphorus has multiple valencies?
link
Phosphorus
0
Phosphate (
P
O
4
3
−
)
link
Phosphorus
0
Sulfur (S, 16)
link
Chemical element
0
Sulfur compound
link
Sulfur
0
Sulfur hydrade (
H
2
O
)
link
Sulfur compound
0
Argon (Ar, 18)
link
Chemical element
0
Potassium (K, 19,
4
s
1
)
link
Chemical element
0
Calcium (Ca, 20,
4
s
2
)
link
Chemical element
0
Titanium (Ti, 22)
link
Chemical element
0
Titanium compound
link
Titanium
0
Niobium-Titanium
link
Titanium compound
0
Chromium (Cr, 24)
link
Chemical element
0
Iron (Fe, 26)
link
Chemical element
0
Fe-C
link
Iron
0
Steel (Fe-C)
link
Iron
0
Gallium (Ga, 31)
link
Chemical element
0
Gallium compound
link
Gallium
0
Gallium arsenide
link
Gallium compound
0
Gallium arsenide vs silicon