Ciro Santilli's Homepage (三西猴的首页)

| 🗖 nosplit | 238, 147k, 2k

🗖 nosplit | ⇓ toc | 238, 147k, 2k

Free gifted education and freedom of speech activist. Passion for the natural sciences, education and computers. Recreational cyclist. Opinions are his own.

GitHub | Stack Overflow | LinkedIn | YouTube | Twitter | Zhihu 知乎 | Weibo 微博 | Other accounts

Working on: Write free books to get famous website. Consider sponsoring Ciro at https://github.com/sponsors/cirosantilli starting from 1$/month so he can work full time can bring hardcore university-level STEM education to all ages.

This website is written in Cirodown, its source code is located at: https://github.com/cirosantilli/cirosantilli.github.io, and it is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 unless otherwise noted. To contact Ciro, see: Section 1.6. "How to contact Ciro Santilli".

Ciro_Santilli's_learn_teach_apply_logo.png

Table of contents | 238, 147k, 2k
- 1. Ciro Santilli (三西猴) | 514, 53k, 175 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli's Homepage"
  - Sponsor Ciro Santilli | 20 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit
  - 1.2. The most important projects done by Ciro Santilli | 155, 4k, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli"
  - 1.3. The most important projects Ciro Santilli wants to do | 46, 2k, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli"
  - 1.4. The next big thing | 109, 1k, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli"
  - 1.5. The best articles by Ciro Santilli | 2k | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli"
  - 1.6. How to contact Ciro Santilli | 816 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli"
  - 1.7. Accounts controlled by Ciro Santilli | 683, 745, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli"
    - 1.7.1. Ciro Santilli's Twitter accounts | 62 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Accounts controlled by Ciro Santilli"
  - 1.8. Cirism (Ciro Santilli's ideology) | 66, 10k, 25 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli"
    - 1.8.1. Unconditional basic income | 421 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cirism"
    - 1.8.2. Having more than one natural language is bad for the world | 1k | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cirism"
    - 1.8.3. Don't be a pussy | 2k, 2k, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cirism"
      - 1.8.3.1. Being naughty and creative are correlated | 149 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Don't be a pussy"
      - 1.8.3.2. Steve Jobs' 2005 Stanford Commencement Address | 453 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Don't be a pussy"
    - 1.8.4. Backward design | 485, 571, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cirism"
      - 1.8.4.1. How to become a good programmer? | 86 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Backward design"
    - 1.8.5. Free gifted education | 972 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cirism"
    - 1.8.6. The side effects of ambitious goals are often the most valuable thing achieved | 317 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cirism"
    - 1.8.7. Ciro Santilli's best random thoughts | 152 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cirism"
    - 1.8.8. Animal rights | 815 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cirism"
    - 1.8.9. University entry quotas | 876 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cirism"
    - 1.8.10. Students must have a flexible choice of what to learn | 258 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cirism"
    - 1.8.11. Rooting for sport teams | 448 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cirism"
    - 1.8.12. Governments should provide basic Internet infrastructure | 190, 231, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cirism"
      - 1.8.12.1. Social media as a public utility | 41 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Governments should provide basic Internet infrastructure"
    - 1.8.13. There is value in tutorials written by beginners | 83 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cirism"
    - 1.8.14. There is value of tutorials written by early pioneers of the field | 123 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cirism"
    - 1.8.15. Cirocoin | 157 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cirism"
    - 1.8.16. Good and evil | 12, 1k, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cirism"
      - 1.8.16.1. Evil | 719, 1k, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Good and evil"
        
        1.8.16.1.1. Online forums that lock threads after some time are evil | 112 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Evil"
        
        1.8.16.1.2. Planned obsolescence | 171 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Evil"
        
        1.8.16.1.3. Discounts that happen more often than not | 59 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Evil"
      - 1.8.16.2. Good | 319 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Good and evil"
  - 1.9. Ciro Santilli's website | 82, 2k, 13 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli"
  - 1.10. Ciro Santilli's skills | 0, 961, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli"
    - 1.10.1. Ciro Santilli's documentation superpowers | 812 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli's skills"
    - 1.10.2. Ciro Santilli's natural languages skills | 149 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli's skills"
  - 1.11. Ciro Santilli's psychology and physiology | 663, 9k, 22 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli"
  - 1.12. Ciro Santilli's drug experiences | 617 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli"
  - 1.13. Ciro Santilli's biography | 429, 1k, 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli"
  - 1.14. Interesting members of the Santilli family | 210, 315, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli"
    - 1.14.1. Ciro Santilli's homonyms | 105 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Interesting members of the Santilli family"
  - 1.15. Ciro Santilli's projects | 44, 8k, 13 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli"
  - 1.16. Essays by Ciro Santilli | 41, 581, 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli"
    - How to blackout your window without drilling | 20 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit
    - How to teach | 20 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit
    - What poor countries have to do to get richer | 20 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit
    - 1.16.4. The missing link between basic and advanced | 250 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Essays by Ciro Santilli"
    - 1.16.5. How to write technical help requests and bug reports | 102 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Essays by Ciro Santilli"
    - 1.16.6. Questions for Ciro Santilli's future self | 128 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Essays by Ciro Santilli"
  - 1.17. Ciro Santilli's hardware | 55, 8k, 54 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli"
    - 1.17.1. Mechanical and electrical tools | 244 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli's hardware"
    - 1.17.2. Cleaning products | 54, 72, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli's hardware"
      - 1.17.2.1. Ronseal mould killer | 18 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cleaning products"
    - 1.17.3. Vacuum cleaner | 0, 75, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli's hardware"
      - 1.17.3.1. Miele C2 Complete PowerLine vacuum cleaner | 75 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Vacuum cleaner"
    - 1.17.4. Kitchen | 0, 271, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli's hardware"
      - 1.17.4.1. Panasonic NN-SF464M microwave (2017) | 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Kitchen"
      - 1.17.4.2. Prestige 7.5L Stainless Stell Pressure Cooker (2020) | 14 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Kitchen"
      - 1.17.4.3. KitchenAid Artisan toaster (2017) | 18 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Kitchen"
      - 1.17.4.4. Tefal rice cooker (2017) | 206 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Kitchen"
      - 1.17.4.5. Joyoung rice cooker (2014) | 28 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Kitchen"
    - 1.17.5. Houses | 0, 730, 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli's hardware"
      - 1.17.5.1. House 2018-01 | 20, 730, 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Houses"
        
        1.17.5.1.1. Mould | 47 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "House 2018-01"
        
        1.17.5.1.2. Aluminium extractor filter | 152 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "House 2018-01"
        
        1.17.5.1.3. Fridge | 35 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "House 2018-01"
        
        1.17.5.1.4. Gas hob | 32 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "House 2018-01"
        
        1.17.5.1.5. Kitchen tap | 17 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "House 2018-01"
        
        1.17.5.1.6. Light bulbs | 208 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "House 2018-01"
        
        1.17.5.1.7. Toilet mirror lamps | 217 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "House 2018-01"
        
        1.17.5.1.8. Toilet sink | 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "House 2018-01"
    - 1.17.6. Cell phones | 0, 55, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli's hardware"
      - 1.17.6.1. Google Pixel 3a (2020) | 55 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cell phones"
    - 1.17.7. Computers | 20, 599, 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli's hardware"
      - 1.17.7.1. Lenovo ThinkPad P51 (2017) | 11 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computers"
      - 1.17.7.2. Orange Pi PC | 54 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computers"
      - 1.17.7.3. Raspberry Pis | 10, 118, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computers"
        
        1.17.7.3.1. Raspberry Pi 2 | 44 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Raspberry Pis"
        
        1.17.7.3.2. Raspberry Pi 3 | 64 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Raspberry Pis"
      - 1.17.7.4. Computer accessories | 0, 396, 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computers"
        
        1.17.7.4.1. Internet speed | 23 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer accessories"
        
        1.17.7.4.2. External storage | 0, 285, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer accessories"
        
        1.17.7.4.2.1. Toshiba MK1059GSM | 32 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "External storage"
        
        1.17.7.4.2.2. Western Digital WD10EADS-42P6B0 | 25 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "External storage"
        
        1.17.7.4.2.3. Polytechnique USB flash drives | 228 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "External storage"
        
        1.17.7.4.3. Skullcandy Smokin' Buds 2 | 88 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer accessories"
    - 1.17.8. Bicycle | 0, 6k, 15 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli's hardware"
      - 1.17.8.1. Bicycles | 0, 4k, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Bicycle"
        
        1.17.8.1.1. Kross bicycle (2017) | 4k | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Bicycles"
      - 1.17.8.2. Bicycle products | 482, 2k, 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Bicycle"
        
        1.17.8.2.1. Cycling clothes | 1k, 2k, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Bicycle products"
        
        1.17.8.2.1.1. Cycling clothes temperature guide | 231 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cycling clothes"
        
        1.17.8.2.1.2. dhb Dorica MTB Shoe (2020-12) | 131 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cycling clothes"
        
        1.17.8.2.1.3. 2020-04 Giro Rumble VR Off Road Shoe | 212 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cycling clothes"
        
        1.17.8.2.2. Park Tool BBT-22 | 33 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Bicycle products"
        
        1.17.8.2.3. Park Tool FR-5.2 Cassette Lockring Tool | 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Bicycle products"
        
        1.17.8.2.4. Park Tool SR-12.2 chain whip | 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Bicycle products"
        
        1.17.8.2.5. Park Tool PAW-12 adjustable wrench | 21 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Bicycle products"
        
        1.17.8.2.6. 2020-04 Park Tool CCP-2.2 Cotterless Crank Puller Tool | 20 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Bicycle products"
        
        1.17.8.2.7. 2020-04 DECARETA Pedal Spanner | 89 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Bicycle products"
        
        1.17.8.2.8. 2019-12 Bikehut bicycle repair stand | 39 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Bicycle products"
        
        1.17.8.2.9. 2019-03 Giant Control Tower 3 floor pump bike pump | 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Bicycle products"
    - 1.17.9. Shoes | 12, 44, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli's hardware"
      - 1.17.9.1. 2017-04 Nike Flex Experience RN 6 Grey running shoes | 32 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Shoes"
  - 1.18. Ciro Santilli's cooking | 0, 254, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli"
    - 1.18.1. Roast chicken | 44 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli's cooking"
    - 1.18.2. Roasted nuts | 210 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli's cooking"
- 2. Science | 0, 36k, 821 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli's Homepage"
  - 2.1. Natural science | 0, 30k, 686 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Science"
    - 2.1.1. Physics | 276, 25k, 429 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Natural science"
      - 2.1.1.1. How to teach and learn physics | 300 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics"
      - 2.1.1.2. The most important physics experiments | 43, 419, 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics"
        
        2.1.1.2.1. Aharonov–Bohm effect | 70 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "The most important physics experiments"
        
        2.1.1.2.2. Michelson-Morley experiment | 68, 88, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "The most important physics experiments"
        
        2.1.1.2.2.1. Davisson-Germer experiment | 20 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Michelson-Morley experiment"
        
        2.1.1.2.3. Compton scattering | 116 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "The most important physics experiments"
        
        2.1.1.2.4. Photoelectric effect | 56 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "The most important physics experiments"
        
        2.1.1.2.5. Lamb shift | 46 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "The most important physics experiments"
      - 2.1.1.3. International System of Units (SI) | 37, 138, 13 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics"
        
        2.1.1.3.1. Origins of Precision by Machine Thinking (2017) | 26 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "International System of Units"
        
        2.1.1.3.2. Versions of the international System of Units | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "International System of Units"
        
        2.1.1.3.2.1. 2019 redefinition of the SI base units | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Versions of the international System of Units"
        
        2.1.1.3.3. Kilogram | 37, 42, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "International System of Units"
        
        2.1.1.3.3.1. Kibble balance | 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Kilogram"
        
        2.1.1.3.4. Second | 0, 0, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "International System of Units"
        
        2.1.1.3.4.1. Time | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Second"
        
        2.1.1.3.4.2. Year | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Second"
        
        2.1.1.3.5. Meter | 0, 11, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "International System of Units"
        
        2.1.1.3.5.1. Gauge block | 11 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Meter"
        
        2.1.1.3.6. Geiger counter | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "International System of Units"
        
        2.1.1.3.7. Natural units | 22, 22, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "International System of Units"
        
        2.1.1.3.7.1. Planck units | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Natural units"
      - 2.1.1.4. Particle physics | 140, 19k, 291 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics"
        
        2.1.1.4.1. Standard Model | 92, 3k, 51 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.1. Theory of everything (TOE) | 138, 206, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Standard Model"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.1.1. Grand Unified Theory (GUT) | 65 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Theory of everything"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.1.2. The standard model and general relativity are incompatible | 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Theory of everything"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.1.3. Fundamental interaction | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Theory of everything"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2. Subatomic particle | 0, 2k, 45 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Standard Model"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1. Elementary particle | 0, 2k, 43 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Subatomic particle"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.1. Are there more than 3 generations of particles in the Standard Model? | 47 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Elementary particle"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2. Photon | 124, 2k, 35 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Elementary particle"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.1. Light | 0, 273, 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photon"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.1.1. Speed of light | 9, 273, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Light"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.1.1.1. Speed of light experiments | 86 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Speed of light"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.1.1.2. Faster-than-light (FTL) | 178, 178, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Speed of light"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.1.1.2.1. Tachyon | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Faster-than-light"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.1.1.2.2. Tachyonic antitelephone | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Faster-than-light"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.1.2. X-ray | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Light"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.2. Photon spin | 11 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photon"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.3. Radiation pressure | 0, 35, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photon"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.3.1. Nichols radiometer | 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Radiation pressure"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.3.2. Solar sail | 26 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Radiation pressure"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.4. Single photon production and detection experiments | 158, 862, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photon"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.4.1. Spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) | 378 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Single photon production and detection experiments"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.4.2. Two photon interference experiment | 238 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Single photon production and detection experiments"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.4.3. Photomultiplier | 0, 88, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Single photon production and detection experiments"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.4.3.1. Photomultiplier tube | 56 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photomultiplier"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.4.3.2. Silicon photomultiplier | 32 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photomultiplier"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.5. Squeezed state of light | 16 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photon"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.6. Optics | 43, 458, 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photon"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.6.1. Camera obscura | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Optics"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.6.2. Diffraction grating | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Optics"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.6.3. Lens | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Optics"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.6.3.1. Spherical lens | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lens"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.6.4. Photonics | 30, 415, 7 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Optics"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.6.4.1. Photon polarization | 183, 221, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photonics"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.6.4.1.1. Polarizer | 38 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photon polarization"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.6.4.2. Poincare sphere | 90 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photonics"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.6.4.3. Photonics equipment | 29, 74, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photonics"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.6.4.3.1. Interferometer | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photonics equipment"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.6.4.3.2. Optical table | 45 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photonics equipment"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.6.4.3.3. Optical ring resonator | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photonics equipment"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.7. Fluorescence | 0, 29, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photon"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.7.1. Fluorometer | 29 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Fluorescence"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.8. Diffraction | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photon"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.2.9. Refraction | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photon"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.3. Electron | 11, 137, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Elementary particle"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.3.1. Electron charge | 32, 126, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Electron"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.3.1.1. Oil drop experiment | 94 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Electron charge"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.3.2. Positron | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Electron"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.4. Neutrino | 37, 37, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Elementary particle"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.1.4.1. Cowan-Reines neutrino experiment (1956) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Neutrino"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.2.2. Eightfold way (physics) | 61 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Subatomic particle"
        
        2.1.1.4.1.3. Why do symmetries such as SU(3), SU(2) and U(1) matter in particle physics? | 385 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Standard Model"
        
        2.1.1.4.2. Maxwell's equations | 423, 963, 13 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics"
        
        2.1.1.4.2.1. Lorentz force | 44 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Maxwell's equations"
        
        2.1.1.4.2.2. Explicit scalar form of the Maxwell's equations | 95, 193, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Maxwell's equations"
        
        2.1.1.4.2.2.1. Overdetermination of Maxwell's equations | 98 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Explicit scalar form of the Maxwell's equations"
        
        2.1.1.4.2.3. Coulomb's law | 85 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Maxwell's equations"
        
        2.1.1.4.2.4. Solutions of Maxwell's equations | 48, 48, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Maxwell's equations"
        
        2.1.1.4.2.4.1. Dipole antenna | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Solutions of Maxwell's equations"
        
        2.1.1.4.2.5. Maxwell's equations in 2D | 43 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Maxwell's equations"
        
        2.1.1.4.2.6. Existence and uniqueness of solutions to Maxwell's equations | 29 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Maxwell's equations"
        
        2.1.1.4.2.7. Magnetometer | 16 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Maxwell's equations"
        
        2.1.1.4.2.8. Magnetic field | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Maxwell's equations"
        
        2.1.1.4.2.8.1. Magnetic vector potential | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Magnetic field"
        
        2.1.1.4.2.9. Hall effect | 70 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Maxwell's equations"
        
        2.1.1.4.2.10. Electromagnetism | 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Maxwell's equations"
        
        2.1.1.4.3. Theory of relativity | 0, 2k, 31 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1. Special relativity | 260, 2k, 26 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Theory of relativity"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.1. Einstein synchronization | 0, 0, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Special relativity"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.1.1. Frame of reference | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Einstein synchronization"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.1.1.1. Inertial frame of reference | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Frame of reference"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.2. Lorentz transformation | 226, 1k, 7 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Special relativity"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.2.1. Lorentz transform consequence: everyone sees the same speed of light | 313 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lorentz transformation"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.2.2. Length contraction | 371, 407, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lorentz transformation"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.2.2.1. Terrell rotation | 36 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Length contraction"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.2.3. Time dilation | 20, 237, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lorentz transformation"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.2.3.1. Transversal time dilation | 217 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Time dilation"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.2.3.2. Transverse Doppler effect | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Time dilation"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.2.4. Twin paradox | 287 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lorentz transformation"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.3. Maxwell's equations require special relativity | 136, 354, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Special relativity"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.3.1. Charged particle moving at the same speed of electrons thought experiment | 188 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Maxwell's equations require special relativity"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.3.2. Covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism | 0, 30, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Maxwell's equations require special relativity"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.3.2.1. Maxwell's equations are Lorentz invariant | 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.3.2.2. Maxwell's equations imply that the speed of light is the same for all inertial reference frames | 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.3.2.3. Maxwell Lagrangian | 16 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.4. Spacetime | 0, 324, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Special relativity"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.4.1. Minkowski space | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Spacetime"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.4.2. Spacetime diagram | 60, 324, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Spacetime"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.4.2.1. Light cone | 199, 264, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Spacetime diagram"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.4.2.1.1. Timelike-separated event | 10 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Light cone"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.4.2.1.2. Spacelike-separated event | 55 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Light cone"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.5. Relativistic mechanics | 0, 0, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Special relativity"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.5.1. Relativistic energy | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Relativistic mechanics"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.1.5.2. Mass-energy equivalence ( $E = m c^{2}$ ) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Relativistic mechanics"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.2. General relativity | 45, 71, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Theory of relativity"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.2.1. Gravity | 26, 26, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "General relativity"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.2.1.1. Experiments that measure the gravitational constant | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Gravity"
        
        2.1.1.4.3.2.1.1.1. Cavendish experiment | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Experiments that measure the gravitational constant"
        
        2.1.1.4.4. Applications of particle physics | 24 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5. Quantum mechanics | 170, 11k, 165 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.1. Quantum mechanics experiments | 34, 1k, 14 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum mechanics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.1.1. Spectral lines of atoms and molecules | 137, 349, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum mechanics experiments"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.1.1.1. Fine structure | 60 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Spectral lines of atoms and molecules"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.1.1.2. Hyperfine structure | 68 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Spectral lines of atoms and molecules"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.1.1.3. Zeeman effect | 84 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Spectral lines of atoms and molecules"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.1.2. Double-slit experiment | 93, 449, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum mechanics experiments"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.1.2.1. Single particle double slit experiment | 338 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Double-slit experiment"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.1.2.2. Are particles bounced by the first wall in the double slit experiment? | 18 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Double-slit experiment"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.1.3. Black-body radiation experiment | 33, 395, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum mechanics experiments"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.1.3.1. Planck's law | 104, 362, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Black-body radiation experiment"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.1.3.1.1. Planck-Einstein relation | 76 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Planck's law"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.1.3.1.2. Planck constant | 98, 182, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Planck's law"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.1.3.1.2.1. de Broglie relations | 84 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Planck constant"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.1.4. Quantum Hall effect | 56, 56, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum mechanics experiments"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.1.4.1. Spin Hall effect | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum Hall effect"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.2. Quantum mechanics bibliography | 0, 179, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum mechanics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.2.1. MIT 8.06 Quantum Physics III, Spring 2018 by Barton Zwiebach | 50 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum mechanics bibliography"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.2.2. Applications of Quantum Mechanics by David Tong (2017) | 25 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum mechanics bibliography"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.2.3. Quantum Mechanics for Engineers by Leon van Dommelen (2011) | 79 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum mechanics bibliography"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.2.4. Quantum physics by Jim Branson (2003) | 25 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum mechanics bibliography"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.3. Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics | 408, 521, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum mechanics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.3.1. Linearity of quantum mechanics | 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.3.2. Dirac-von Neumann axioms | 24 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.3.3. Bra-ket notation | 83 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4. Non-relativistic quantum mechanics | 26, 2k, 37 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum mechanics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1. Schrodinger equation | 167, 2k, 36 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Non-relativistic quantum mechanics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.1. Time-independent Schrodinger equation | 214 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Schrodinger equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.2. Derivation of the Schrodinger equation | 91, 136, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Schrodinger equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.2.1. Why are complex numbers used in the Schrodinger equation? | 45 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Derivation of the Schrodinger equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.3. Solutions of the Schrodinger equation | 32, 1k, 19 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Schrodinger equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.3.1. Schrodinger equation simulations | 260, 327, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Solutions of the Schrodinger equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.3.1.1. Why it is hard to simulate quantum systems? | 67 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Schrodinger equation simulations"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.3.2. Schrodinger equation solution for a free particle | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Solutions of the Schrodinger equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.3.3. Particle in a box | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Solutions of the Schrodinger equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.3.4. Quantum harmonic oscillator | 0, 30, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Solutions of the Schrodinger equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.3.4.1. Hermite polynomials | 30 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum harmonic oscillator"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.3.5. Quantum tunnelling | 36 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Solutions of the Schrodinger equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.3.6. Schrodinger equation solution for the hydrogen atom | 84 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Solutions of the Schrodinger equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.3.7. Solutions for the Schrodinger equation with multiple particles | 20, 425, 7 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Solutions of the Schrodinger equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.3.7.1. Solutions of the Schrodinger equation for two electrons | 166 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Solutions for the Schrodinger equation with multiple particles"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.3.7.2. Schrodinger equation solution for the helium atom | 95, 188, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Solutions for the Schrodinger equation with multiple particles"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.3.7.2.1. Hartree-Fock method | 0, 93, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Schrodinger equation solution for the helium atom"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.3.7.2.1.1. Hartree-Fock method for the helium atom | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Hartree-Fock method"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.3.7.2.1.2. Why do multiple electrons occupy the same orbital if electrons repel each other? | 60 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Hartree-Fock method"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.3.7.2.1.3. Aufbau principle | 33 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Hartree-Fock method"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.3.7.3. Schrodinger equation solution for the hydrogen molecule | 51 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Solutions for the Schrodinger equation with multiple particles"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.3.8. Two-state quantum system | 55, 93, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Solutions of the Schrodinger equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.3.8.1. Bloch sphere | 38 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Two-state quantum system"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.3.8.2. Pauli matrix | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Two-state quantum system"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.4. Born-Oppenheimer approximation | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Schrodinger equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.5. Uncertainty principle | 263, 528, 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Schrodinger equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.5.1. Position and momentum space | 106, 213, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Uncertainty principle"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.5.1.1. Position representation | 19 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Position and momentum space"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.5.1.2. Position operator | 38 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Position and momentum space"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.5.1.3. Momentum operator | 50 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Position and momentum space"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.5.1.4. Squeezed coherent state | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Position and momentum space"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.5.2. Energy operator | 24, 52, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Uncertainty principle"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.5.2.1. Time-energy uncertainty principle | 28 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Energy operator"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.5.3. Complementarity (physics) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Uncertainty principle"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.6. Conservation laws in Schrodinger equations | 18, 66, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Schrodinger equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.6.1. Conservation of the square amplitude in the Schrodinger equation | 48 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Conservation laws in Schrodinger equations"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.4.1.7. Wave function ( $ψ$ ) | 107 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Schrodinger equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5. Relativistic quantum mechanics | 95, 6k, 95 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum mechanics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1. Dirac equation | 325, 2k, 26 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Relativistic quantum mechanics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.1. Spontaneous emission | 85 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Dirac equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.2. The Dirac equation predicts spin | 10 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Dirac equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.3. Antimatter | 43 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Dirac equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.4. Particle creation and annihilation | 131, 155, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Dirac equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.4.1. Particle decay | 12, 12, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle creation and annihilation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.4.1.1. Pair production | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle decay"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.4.2. Relativistic particle in a box thought experiment | 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle creation and annihilation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.5. The Dirac equation is consistent with special relativity | 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Dirac equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.6. Derivation of the Dirac equation | 44 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Dirac equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.7. Pauli equation | 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Dirac equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.8. Klein-Gordon equation | 190, 443, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Dirac equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.8.1. Derivation of the Klein-Gordon | 253 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Klein-Gordon equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.9. Solutions of the Dirac equation | 112, 227, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Dirac equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.9.1. Dirac equation solution for the hydrogen atom | 115 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Solutions of the Dirac equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.10. Spin (physics) | 227, 519, 11 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Dirac equation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.10.1. Spin experiments | 42, 82, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Spin"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.10.1.1. Stern-Gerlach experiment | 40 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Spin experiments"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.10.1.2. Spintronics | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Spin experiments"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.10.1.2.1. Giant magnetoresistance | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Spintronics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.10.2. Why is the spin of the electron half? | 74 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Spin"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.10.3. Pauli exclusion principle | 80, 108, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Spin"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.10.3.1. Fermion | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Pauli exclusion principle"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.10.3.1.1. Boson | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Fermion"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.10.3.2. Spin-statistics theorem | 28 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Pauli exclusion principle"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.10.3.3. Electron degeneracy pressure | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Pauli exclusion principle"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.1.10.4. Nuclear spin | 28 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Spin"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2. Quantum field theory (QFT) | 219, 4k, 67 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Relativistic quantum mechanics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.1. Mathematical formulation of quantum field theory | 111, 610, 13 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.1.1. Gauge theory | 0, 78, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematical formulation of quantum field theory"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.1.1.1. Gauge symmetry | 78 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Gauge theory"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.1.2. Fock space | 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematical formulation of quantum field theory"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.1.3. Second quantization | 141 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematical formulation of quantum field theory"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.1.4. Path integral formulation | 107, 141, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematical formulation of quantum field theory"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.1.4.1. Propagator | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Path integral formulation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.1.4.2. Infinitely many slits thought experiment | 34 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Path integral formulation"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.1.5. Renormalization | 76, 133, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematical formulation of quantum field theory"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.1.5.1. Renormalization group | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Renormalization"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.1.5.2. Cutoff energy | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Renormalization"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.1.5.3. Effective field theory | 57 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Renormalization"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.1.5.4. Yang-Mills theory | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Renormalization"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.1.5.4.1. Yang-Mills existence and mass gap | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Yang-Mills theory"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.2. Quantum electrodynamics (QED) | 640, 2k, 18 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.2.1. Quantum electrodynamics experiments | 46, 264, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum electrodynamics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.2.1.1. Electron magnetic moment | 0, 95, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum electrodynamics experiments"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.2.1.1.1. Anomalous magnetic dipole moment | 0, 95, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Electron magnetic moment"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.2.1.1.1.1. Anomalous magnetic dipole moment of the electron | 95 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Anomalous magnetic dipole moment"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.2.1.2. Dirac equation vs quantum electrodynamics | 123 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum electrodynamics experiments"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.2.2. Applications of quantum electrodynamics | 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum electrodynamics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.2.3. Quantum electrodynamics Lagrangian | 40, 124, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum electrodynamics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.2.3.1. Derivation of the quantum electrodynamics Lagrangian | 84 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum electrodynamics Lagrangian"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.2.4. What does it mean that photons are force carriers for electromagnetism? | 74 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum electrodynamics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.2.5. Schwinger effect | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum electrodynamics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.2.6. Feynman diagram | 129, 136, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum electrodynamics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.2.6.1. Feynman diagram solver | 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Feynman diagram"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.2.6.2. Does the exact position of vertices matter in Feynman diagrams? | 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Feynman diagram"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.2.7. Cavity quantum electrodynamics | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum electrodynamics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.2.7.1. Circuit quantum electrodynamics | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cavity quantum electrodynamics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.2.8. Quantum electrodynamics bibliography | 0, 989, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum electrodynamics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.2.8.1. Richard Feynman Quantum Electrodynamics Lecture at University of Auckland (1979) | 840, 989, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum electrodynamics bibliography"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.2.8.1.1. Quantum Mechanical View of Reality by Richard Feynman (1983) | 149 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Richard Feynman Quantum Electrodynamics Lecture at University of Auckland (1979)"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.3. Weak interaction | 131, 168, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.3.1. Electroweak interaction | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Weak interaction"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.3.2. CP Violation | 37 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Weak interaction"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.3.3. Strong CP problem | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Weak interaction"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.4. Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) | 93, 254, 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.4.1. Strong interaction | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum chromodynamics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.4.2. Quark | 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum chromodynamics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.4.3. Gluon | 33, 77, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum chromodynamics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.4.3.1. Cosmic ray | 0, 44, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Gluon"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.4.3.1.1. Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray | 44, 44, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cosmic ray"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.4.3.1.1.1. Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin limit | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.4.3.1.1.2. Oh-My-God particle | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.4.4. Color confinement | 81 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum chromodynamics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.5. Quantum field theory simulations | 87 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.6. Quantum field theory bibliography | 32, 735, 19 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.6.1. Quantum field theory lecture notes | 56, 201, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory bibliography"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.6.1.1. An Introduction to QED and QCD by Jeff Forshaw (1997) | 14 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory lecture notes"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.6.1.2. Quantum Field Theory lecture notes by David Tong (2007) | 39 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory lecture notes"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.6.1.3. Quantum Field Theory book by Mark Srednicki (2006) | 92 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory lecture notes"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.6.2. Quantum field theory lectures | 0, 386, 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory bibliography"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.6.2.1. Relativistic Quantum Mechanics by Apoorva D Patel (2014) | 14 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory lectures"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.6.2.2. New Revolutions in Particle Physics by Leonard Susskind (2009) | 14 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory lectures"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.6.2.3. David Tong's 2009 Quantum Field Theory lectures at the Perimeter Institute | 48, 50, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory lectures"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.6.2.3.1. Lecture 1 | 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "David Tong's 2009 Quantum Field Theory lectures at the Perimeter Institute"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.6.2.4. Quantum field theory courses by Tobias Osborne | 0, 308, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory lectures"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.6.2.4.1. Quantum field theory lecture by Tobias Osborne published in 2017 | 31, 271, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory courses by Tobias Osborne"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.6.2.4.1.1. Lecture 1 | 240 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory lecture by Tobias Osborne published in 2017"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.6.2.4.2. Advanced quantum field theory lecture by Tobias Osborne published in 2017 | 37 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory courses by Tobias Osborne"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.6.3. Quantum field theory books | 0, 116, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory bibliography"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.6.3.1. An Introduction To Quantum Field Theory by Peskin and Schroeder (1995) | 11 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory books"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.6.3.2. Student Friendly Quantum Field Theory by Robert D Klauber (2013) | 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory books"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.6.3.3. Problem Book in Quantum Field Theory by Voja Radovanovic (2008) | 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory books"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.6.3.4. Quantum Field Theory for The Gifted Amateur by Tom Lancaster (2015) | 19 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory books"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.5.2.6.3.5. Quantum field theory in a nutshell by Anthony Zee (2010) | 78 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum field theory books"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.6. Quantum superposition | 189 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum mechanics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.7. Quantum entanglement | 540, 589, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum mechanics"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.7.1. Bell's theorem | 15, 49, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum entanglement"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.7.1.1. Bell test experiment | 34, 34, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Bell's theorem"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.7.1.1.1. Loopholes in Bell test experiments | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Bell test experiment"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.7.1.2. Local hidden-variable theory | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Bell's theorem"
        
        2.1.1.4.5.7.1.3. EPR paradox | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Bell's theorem"
        
        2.1.1.4.6. Particle physics bibliography | 22, 519, 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics"
        
        2.1.1.4.6.1. PBS Space Time | 19 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics bibliography"
        
        2.1.1.4.6.2. 2011 PHYS 485 lecture videos by Roger Moore from the University of Alberta | 29 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics bibliography"
        
        2.1.1.4.6.3. Particle physics YouTube channels | 2, 449, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics bibliography"
        
        2.1.1.4.6.3.1. Andrew Dotson YouTube channel | 32 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics YouTube channels"
        
        2.1.1.4.6.3.2. Dietterich Labs | 207 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics YouTube channels"
        
        2.1.1.4.6.3.3. ViaScience | 84 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics YouTube channels"
        
        2.1.1.4.6.3.4. Physics Videos by Eugene Khutoryansky | 78 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics YouTube channels"
        
        2.1.1.4.6.3.5. Don Lincoln | 46 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics YouTube channels"
        
        2.1.1.4.7. Nuclear physics | 28, 724, 16 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics"
        
        2.1.1.4.7.1. Radioactive decay | 51, 365, 10 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear physics"
        
        2.1.1.4.7.1.1. Alpha decay | 158, 158, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Radioactive decay"
        
        2.1.1.4.7.1.1.1. Cluster decay | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Alpha decay"
        
        2.1.1.4.7.1.1.2. Spontaneous fission | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Alpha decay"
        
        2.1.1.4.7.1.1.3. Alpha particle | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Alpha decay"
        
        2.1.1.4.7.1.1.3.1. Geiger-Nuttall law | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Alpha particle"
        
        2.1.1.4.7.1.2. Beta decay | 101 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Radioactive decay"
        
        2.1.1.4.7.1.3. Gamma ray | 47, 47, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Radioactive decay"
        
        2.1.1.4.7.1.3.1. Nuclear isomer | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Gamma ray"
        
        2.1.1.4.7.1.4. Decay scheme | 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Radioactive decay"
        
        2.1.1.4.7.1.5. Half-life | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Radioactive decay"
        
        2.1.1.4.7.2. Isotope | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear physics"
        
        2.1.1.4.7.3. Nuclear fission | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear physics"
        
        2.1.1.4.7.3.1. Fissile material | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear fission"
        
        2.1.1.4.7.4. Nuclear weapon | 304, 331, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear physics"
        
        2.1.1.4.7.4.1. Multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle (MIRV) | 27 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear weapon"
      - 2.1.1.5. Energy | 0, 48, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics"
        
        2.1.1.5.1. Kinetic energy | 48 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Energy"
      - 2.1.1.6. Field (physics) | 111 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics"
      - 2.1.1.7. History of physics | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics"
      - 2.1.1.8. Condensed matter physics | 25, 1k, 31 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics"
        
        2.1.1.8.1. Solid-state physics | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Condensed matter physics"
        
        2.1.1.8.2. Condensed matter Physics bibliography | 20, 31, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Condensed matter physics"
        
        2.1.1.8.2.1. Course: Quantum Many-Body Physics in Condensed Matter by Luis Gregorio Dias (2020) | 11 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Condensed matter Physics bibliography"
        
        2.1.1.8.3. Electronic band theory | 32 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Condensed matter physics"
        
        2.1.1.8.4. Semiconductor | 16 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Condensed matter physics"
        
        2.1.1.8.5. Superconductivity | 218, 675, 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Condensed matter physics"
        
        2.1.1.8.5.1. Superconducting materials | 0, 85, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Superconductivity"
        
        2.1.1.8.5.1.1. High-temperature superconductivity | 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Superconducting materials"
        
        2.1.1.8.5.1.2. Yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO) | 61 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Superconducting materials"
        
        2.1.1.8.5.1.3. Bismuth strontium calcium copper oxide (BSCCO) | 21 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Superconducting materials"
        
        2.1.1.8.5.2. Applications of superconductivity | 71 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Superconductivity"
        
        2.1.1.8.5.3. What is the IV curve of superconductors? | 5, 30, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Superconductivity"
        
        2.1.1.8.5.3.1. Do superconductors carry infinite current? | 25 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "What is the IV curve of superconductors?"
        
        2.1.1.8.5.4. BCS Theory | 111 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Superconductivity"
        
        2.1.1.8.5.5. Josephson effect | 45, 160, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Superconductivity"
        
        2.1.1.8.5.5.1. Josephson junction | 13 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Josephson effect"
        
        2.1.1.8.5.5.2. Applications of Josephson Junctions | 64, 102, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Josephson effect"
        
        2.1.1.8.5.5.2.1. SQUID device | 38 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Applications of Josephson Junctions"
        
        2.1.1.8.6. Superconducting tunnel junction (STJ) | 84 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Condensed matter physics"
        
        2.1.1.8.7. Superfluidity | 65 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Condensed matter physics"
        
        2.1.1.8.8. Bose-Einstein condensate | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Condensed matter physics"
        
        2.1.1.8.9. Materials science | 0, 80, 7 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Condensed matter physics"
        
        2.1.1.8.9.1. Metallurgy | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Materials science"
        
        2.1.1.8.9.1.1. Ingot | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Metallurgy"
        
        2.1.1.8.9.2. Quantum dot | 0, 12, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Materials science"
        
        2.1.1.8.9.2.1. Quantum dot single photon source | 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum dot"
        
        2.1.1.8.9.3. Magnet | 0, 68, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Materials science"
        
        2.1.1.8.9.3.1. Ferromagnetism | 54 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Magnet"
        
        2.1.1.8.9.3.2. Ising model | 14 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Magnet"
        
        2.1.1.8.10. Laser | 74, 74, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Condensed matter physics"
        
        2.1.1.8.10.1. Population inversion | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Laser"
      - 2.1.1.9. Thermodynamics | 0, 241, 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics"
        
        2.1.1.9.1. Entropy | 118 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Thermodynamics"
        
        2.1.1.9.2. Phase transition | 23 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Thermodynamics"
        
        2.1.1.9.3. Refrigerator | 0, 52, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Thermodynamics"
        
        2.1.1.9.3.1. Dilution refrigerator | 52 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Refrigerator"
        
        2.1.1.9.4. Temperature | 0, 0, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Thermodynamics"
        
        2.1.1.9.4.1. Thermometer | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Temperature"
        
        2.1.1.9.4.1.1. Mercury-in-glass thermometer | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Thermometer"
        
        2.1.1.9.5. Vacuum | 0, 48, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Thermodynamics"
        
        2.1.1.9.5.1. Vacuum engineering | 48 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Vacuum"
      - 2.1.1.10. Mechanics | 0, 693, 17 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics"
        
        2.1.1.10.1. Angular momentum | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mechanics"
        
        2.1.1.10.2. Newton's laws of motion | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mechanics"
        
        2.1.1.10.3. Mechanics problems | 0, 17, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mechanics"
        
        2.1.1.10.3.1. Elastic collision | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mechanics problems"
        
        2.1.1.10.3.2. Two-body problem | 17 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mechanics problems"
        
        2.1.1.10.3.3. Pendulum | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mechanics problems"
        
        2.1.1.10.3.3.1. Double pendulum | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Pendulum"
        
        2.1.1.10.4. Lagrangian mechanics | 366, 676, 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mechanics"
        
        2.1.1.10.4.1. Action (physics) | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lagrangian mechanics"
        
        2.1.1.10.4.1.1. Principle of least action (physics) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Action"
        
        2.1.1.10.4.2. Lagrangian | 17, 64, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lagrangian mechanics"
        
        2.1.1.10.4.2.1. Lagrangian (field theory) | 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lagrangian"
        
        2.1.1.10.4.2.2. Generalized coordinate | 38 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lagrangian"
        
        2.1.1.10.4.3. Noether's theorem | 236, 246, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lagrangian mechanics"
        
        2.1.1.10.4.3.1. Time invariance implies energy conservation | 10 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Noether's theorem"
        
        2.1.1.10.4.4. Spontaneous symmetry breaking | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lagrangian mechanics"
        
        2.1.1.10.4.5. Hamiltonian mechanics | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lagrangian mechanics"
      - 2.1.1.11. Computational physics | 104, 279, 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics"
        
        2.1.1.11.1. Computational chemistry | 0, 175, 7 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computational physics"
        
        2.1.1.11.1.1. Quantum chemistry | 133, 149, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computational chemistry"
        
        2.1.1.11.1.1.1. Relativistic quantum chemistry | 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum chemistry"
        
        2.1.1.11.1.1.2. Quantum chemistry software | 0, 4, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum chemistry"
        
        2.1.1.11.1.1.2.1. PySCF | 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum chemistry software"
        
        2.1.1.11.1.1.2.2. Psi4 | 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum chemistry software"
        
        2.1.1.11.1.2. Quantum computing computational chemistry algorithms | 0, 26, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computational chemistry"
        
        2.1.1.11.1.2.1. IBM 2017 beryllium hydride ground state calculation on a quantum computer | 26 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum computing computational chemistry algorithms"
      - 2.1.1.12. Physics conference | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics"
        
        2.1.1.12.1. Shelter Island Conference (1947) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics conference"
      - 2.1.1.13. Physicist | 17, 1k, 22 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics"
        
        2.1.1.13.1. Barton Zwiebach | 19 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physicist"
        
        2.1.1.13.2. David Tong | 63 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physicist"
        
        2.1.1.13.3. Ettore Majorana | 23, 23, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physicist"
        
        2.1.1.13.3.1. Majorana fermion | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ettore Majorana"
        
        2.1.1.13.4. Freeman Dyson | 38 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physicist"
        
        2.1.1.13.5. Julian Schwinger | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physicist"
        
        2.1.1.13.6. Leonard Susskind | 22, 28, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physicist"
        
        2.1.1.13.6.1. Lectures by Leonard Susskind | 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Leonard Susskind"
        
        2.1.1.13.7. John von Neumann | 53 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physicist"
        
        2.1.1.13.8. Marie Curie | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physicist"
        
        2.1.1.13.9. Michio Kaku | 30 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physicist"
        
        2.1.1.13.10. Murray Gell-Mann | 21 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physicist"
        
        2.1.1.13.11. Richard Feynman | 380, 489, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physicist"
        
        2.1.1.13.11.1. Works by Richard Feynman | 6, 22, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Richard Feynman"
        
        2.1.1.13.11.1.1. Space-Time Approach to Quantum Electrodynamic by Richard Feynman (1949) | 16 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Works by Richard Feynman"
        
        2.1.1.13.11.2. Works about Richard Feynman | 0, 87, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Richard Feynman"
        
        2.1.1.13.11.2.1. Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman | 0, 87, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Works about Richard Feynman"
        
        2.1.1.13.11.2.1.1. Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman chapter O Americano, Outra Vez! | 87 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Surely You're Joking, Mr. Feynman"
        
        2.1.1.13.12. Paul Dirac | 59 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physicist"
        
        2.1.1.13.13. Sean M. Carroll | 31 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physicist"
        
        2.1.1.13.14. Stephen Hawking | 123 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physicist"
        
        2.1.1.13.15. Tobias J. Osborne | 26 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physicist"
      - 2.1.1.14. Philosophy of Science | 0, 747, 7 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics"
        
        2.1.1.14.1. Never trust an experiment that is not supported by a good theory | 64 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Philosophy of Science"
        
        2.1.1.14.2. Physics and the illusion of life | 243, 671, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Philosophy of Science"
        
        2.1.1.14.2.1. Animations of molecular biology processes | 216 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics and the illusion of life"
        
        2.1.1.14.2.2. Alan Watts controlled dream of life talk | 167 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics and the illusion of life"
        
        2.1.1.14.2.3. Rick and Morty A Life Well Lived | 45 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics and the illusion of life"
        
        2.1.1.14.3. Reductionism | 0, 12, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Philosophy of Science"
        
        2.1.1.14.3.1. Emergence | 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Reductionism"
      - 2.1.1.15. Unsolved problems in Physics | 105 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics"
      - 2.1.1.16. Physics bibliography | 0, 266, 7 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics"
        
        2.1.1.16.1. Theoretical Physics Reference by Ondřej Čertík (certik/theoretical-physics) | 56 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics bibliography"
        
        2.1.1.16.2. Physics YouTube channel | 9, 210, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics bibliography"
        
        2.1.1.16.2.1. Looking Glass Universe | 56 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics YouTube channel"
        
        2.1.1.16.2.2. ScienceClic | 17 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics YouTube channel"
        
        2.1.1.16.2.3. The Science Asylum | 2, 33, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics YouTube channel"
        
        2.1.1.16.2.3.1. Nick Lucid | 31 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "The Science Asylum"
        
        2.1.1.16.2.4. Veritasium | 95 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Physics YouTube channel"
    - 2.1.2. Chemistry | 136, 1k, 52 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Natural science"
      - 2.1.2.1. Atomic theory | 71, 148, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemistry"
        
        2.1.2.1.1. Brownian motion | 77 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Atomic theory"
      - 2.1.2.2. Chemical element | 0, 464, 24 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemistry"
        
        2.1.2.2.1. Hydrogen (H, 1) | 0, 55, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemical element"
        
        2.1.2.2.1.1. Deuterium (²H) | 0, 55, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Hydrogen"
        
        2.1.2.2.1.1.1. Heavy water | 55, 55, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Deuterium"
        
        2.1.2.2.1.1.1.1. Semiheavy water | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Heavy water"
        
        2.1.2.2.1.1.1.2. Girdler sulfide process | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Heavy water"
        
        2.1.2.2.1.2. Tritium (³H) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Hydrogen"
        
        2.1.2.2.2. Helium (He, 2) | 0, 31, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemical element"
        
        2.1.2.2.2.1. Liquid helium | 31 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Helium"
        
        2.1.2.2.3. Nitrogen (N, 7) | 0, 126, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemical element"
        
        2.1.2.2.3.1. Liquid nitrogen | 126 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nitrogen"
        
        2.1.2.2.4. Sodium (Na, 11) | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemical element"
        
        2.1.2.2.4.1. Sodium chloride (NaCl) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Sodium"
        
        2.1.2.2.5. Aluminium (Al, 13) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemical element"
        
        2.1.2.2.6. Silicon (Si, 14) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemical element"
        
        2.1.2.2.7. Iron (Fe, 26) | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemical element"
        
        2.1.2.2.7.1. Steel | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Iron"
        
        2.1.2.2.8. Cesium (Cs, 55) | 0, 138, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemical element"
        
        2.1.2.2.8.1. Cesium-137 | 138, 138, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cesium"
        
        2.1.2.2.8.1.1. Goiânia accident (1987) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cesium-137"
        
        2.1.2.2.9. Gold (Au, 79) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemical element"
        
        2.1.2.2.10. Radium (Ra, 88) | 78 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemical element"
        
        2.1.2.2.11. Uranium (U, 92) | 17, 19, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemical element"
        
        2.1.2.2.11.1. Uranium vs plutonium Quora answer by Ciro Santilli | 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Uranium"
        
        2.1.2.2.12. Plutonium (Pu, 94) | 17 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemical element"
      - 2.1.2.3. Chemical compound | 0, 30, 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemistry"
        
        2.1.2.3.1. Nutrient | 10, 30, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemical compound"
        
        2.1.2.3.1.1. Vitamin | 20, 20, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nutrient"
        
        2.1.2.3.1.1.1. Vitamin C | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Vitamin"
        
        2.1.2.3.2. Organic compound | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemical compound"
        
        2.1.2.3.3. Carbohydrate | 0, 0, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemical compound"
        
        2.1.2.3.3.1. Carbohydrate loading | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Carbohydrate"
        
        2.1.2.3.3.2. Sugar | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Carbohydrate"
        
        2.1.2.3.3.2.1. Sucrose | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Sugar"
      - 2.1.2.4. Organic chemistry | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemistry"
        
        2.1.2.4.1. Biochemistry | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Organic chemistry"
      - 2.1.2.5. Chemical reaction | 0, 270, 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemistry"
        
        2.1.2.5.1. Total synthesis | 18, 18, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemical reaction"
        
        2.1.2.5.1.1. Semisynthesis | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Total synthesis"
        
        2.1.2.5.1.2. Cell-free protein synthesis | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Total synthesis"
        
        2.1.2.5.2. Chemical process design | 75, 172, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemical reaction"
        
        2.1.2.5.2.1. Chemical process design software | 73, 97, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemical process design"
        
        2.1.2.5.2.1.1. Aspen HYSYS | 24 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemical process design software"
        
        2.1.2.5.2.2. Retrosynthetic analysis | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemical process design"
        
        2.1.2.5.3. Entropy of a chemical reaction | 27, 80, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemical reaction"
        
        2.1.2.5.3.1. Gibbs free energy | 53 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Entropy of a chemical reaction"
      - 2.1.2.6. pH | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemistry"
        
        2.1.2.6.1. pH strip | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "pH"
      - 2.1.2.7. Chemistry bibliography | 0, 2, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemistry"
        
        2.1.2.7.1. Periodic Videos | 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chemistry bibliography"
    - 2.1.3. Biology | 0, 4k, 187 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Natural science"
      - 2.1.3.1. Molecular biology | 37, 2k, 63 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Biology"
        
        2.1.3.1.1. DNA | 30, 2k, 32 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Molecular biology"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.1. DNA detection | 98 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "DNA"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.2. DNA amplification | 60, 461, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "DNA"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.2.1. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) | 133, 401, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "DNA amplification"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.2.1.1. Real-time polymerase chain reaction | 144 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Polymerase chain reaction"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.2.1.2. Isothermal DNA amplification techniques | 63, 124, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Polymerase chain reaction"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.2.1.2.1. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) | 61 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Isothermal DNA amplification techniques"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.3. DNA sequencing | 34, 662, 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "DNA"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.3.1. Base calling | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "DNA sequencing"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.3.2. Sequence alignment | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "DNA sequencing"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.3.3. Metagenomics | 125 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "DNA sequencing"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.3.4. DNA sequencing companies | 0, 503, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "DNA sequencing"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.3.4.1. Illumina | 181, 359, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "DNA sequencing companies"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.3.4.1.1. Solexa | 178 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Illumina"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.3.4.2. Oxford Nanopore Technologies | 0, 144, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "DNA sequencing companies"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.3.4.2.1. Oxford Nanopore MinION | 124, 144, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Oxford Nanopore Technologies"
        
        How to use an Oxford Nanopore MinION to extract DNA from river water and determine which bacteria live in it | 20 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit
        
        2.1.3.1.1.4. De novo DNA synthesis | 171, 374, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "DNA"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.4.1. Artificial gene synthesis | 10 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "De novo DNA synthesis"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.4.2. Species bootstrapping from DNA | 77, 193, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "De novo DNA synthesis"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.4.2.1. Synthetic virus | 116 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Species bootstrapping from DNA"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.5. RNA | 0, 0, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "DNA"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.5.1. Messenger RNA (mRNA) | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "RNA"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.5.1.1. Alternative splicing | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Messenger RNA"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.6. Base pair (bp) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "DNA"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.7. Chromosome | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "DNA"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.8. Genetic code (codon) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "DNA"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.9. DNA paternity testing | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "DNA"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.10. Genetics | 11, 11, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "DNA"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.10.1. Transposable element (transposon) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Genetics"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.11. Gene | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "DNA"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.12. Mutation | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "DNA"
        
        2.1.3.1.1.12.1. Single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mutation"
        
        2.1.3.1.2. Protein | 3, 36, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Molecular biology"
        
        2.1.3.1.2.1. Enzyme | 33 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Protein"
        
        2.1.3.1.2.2. Restriction enzyme | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Protein"
        
        2.1.3.1.3. Metabolic pathway | 8, 66, 7 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Molecular biology"
        
        2.1.3.1.3.1. Metabolism | 0, 0, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Metabolic pathway"
        
        2.1.3.1.3.1.1. Excretion | 0, 0, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Metabolism"
        
        2.1.3.1.3.1.1.1. Feces | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Excretion"
        
        2.1.3.1.3.1.1.1.1. Bullshit | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Feces"
        
        2.1.3.1.3.2. Synthetic biological circuit | 17 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Metabolic pathway"
        
        2.1.3.1.3.3. CIDARLAB/cello | 41 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Metabolic pathway"
        
        2.1.3.1.3.4. Photosynthesis | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Metabolic pathway"
        
        2.1.3.1.4. Molecular biology laboratory equipment | 0, 0, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Molecular biology"
        
        2.1.3.1.4.1. Laboratory centrifuge | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Molecular biology laboratory equipment"
        
        2.1.3.1.4.1.1. Eppendorf tube (centrifuge tube) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Laboratory centrifuge"
        
        2.1.3.1.5. Cell (biology) | 0, 91, 15 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Molecular biology"
        
        2.1.3.1.5.1. Cell nucleus | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cell"
        
        2.1.3.1.5.2. Mitochondrion | 0, 51, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cell"
        
        2.1.3.1.5.2.1. Cellular respiration | 0, 51, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mitochondrion"
        
        2.1.3.1.5.2.1.1. Citric acid cycle | 39, 51, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cellular respiration"
        
        2.1.3.1.5.2.1.1.1. Electron transport chain | 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Citric acid cycle"
        
        2.1.3.1.5.2.1.2. Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cellular respiration"
        
        2.1.3.1.5.2.1.3. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cellular respiration"
        
        2.1.3.1.5.3. Organelle | 0, 0, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cell"
        
        2.1.3.1.5.3.1. Ribosome | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Organelle"
        
        2.1.3.1.5.3.1.1. 16S ribosomal RNA | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ribosome"
        
        2.1.3.1.5.4. Single cell analysis | 19, 23, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cell"
        
        2.1.3.1.5.4.1. Single cell sequencing | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Single cell analysis"
        
        2.1.3.1.5.4.2. Single cell visualization | 0, 4, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Single cell analysis"
        
        2.1.3.1.5.4.2.1. Vitessce | 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Single cell visualization"
        
        2.1.3.1.5.5. Cell biology (field) | 17 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cell"
      - 2.1.3.2. Organ (anatomy) | 0, 368, 38 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Biology"
        
        2.1.3.2.1. Brain | 0, 368, 37 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Organ"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.1. Dream | 19 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Brain"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.2. Nightmare | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Brain"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3. Human brain | 133, 349, 34 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Brain"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1. Psychology | 0, 216, 33 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Human brain"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.1. Developmental disorder | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Psychology"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.1.1. Autism | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Developmental disorder"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.2. Economy | 0, 196, 15 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Psychology"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.2.1. Capital flight | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Economy"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.2.2. Commodity | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Economy"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.2.3. Financial crisis of 2007-2008 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Economy"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.2.4. Market liquidity | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Economy"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.2.5. Social inequality | 162, 196, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Economy"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.2.5.1. Affirmative action | 34 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Social inequality"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.2.5.2. Equal opportunity | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Social inequality"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.2.5.3. Meritocracy | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Social inequality"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.2.5.4. Wealth inequality in the United States | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Social inequality"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.2.6. Stock market | 0, 0, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Economy"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.2.6.1. Equity (finance) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Stock market"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.2.6.2. Exchange-traded fund (ETF) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Stock market"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.2.6.3. S&P 500 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Stock market"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.2.6.4. Open outrcy | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Stock market"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.2.7. Liquidity | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Economy"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.3. Fetish | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Psychology"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.4. Mental state | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Psychology"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.5. Mind blown | 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Psychology"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.6. Personality | 0, 0, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Psychology"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.6.1. Narcissism | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Personality"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.6.2. Personality type | 0, 0, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Personality"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.6.2.1. Myers-Briggs Type_Indicator | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Personality type"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.6.2.2. Big Five personality traits | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Personality type"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.7. Procrastination | 16, 18, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Psychology"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.7.1. Yak shaving | 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Procrastination"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.8. Psychologist | 0, 0, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Psychology"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.8.1. Carl Jung | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Psychologist"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.8.2. Jordan Peterson | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Psychologist"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.9. Suicide | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Psychology"
        
        2.1.3.2.1.3.1.10. Uncanny valley | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Psychology"
      - 2.1.3.3. Model organism | 90 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Biology"
      - 2.1.3.4. Taxonomy (biology) | 12, 1k, 37 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Biology"
        
        2.1.3.4.1. Taxonomy databases | 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Taxonomy"
        
        2.1.3.4.2. Genus | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Taxonomy"
        
        2.1.3.4.3. Domain (biology) | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Taxonomy"
        
        2.1.3.4.3.1. Prokaryote | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Domain"
        
        2.1.3.4.4. Kingdom (biology) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Taxonomy"
        
        2.1.3.4.5. Multicellular organism | 0, 180, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Taxonomy"
        
        2.1.3.4.5.1. The simplest multicellular species | 142 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Multicellular organism"
        
        2.1.3.4.5.2. Colony (biology) | 38 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Multicellular organism"
        
        2.1.3.4.5.3. Unicellular organism | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Multicellular organism"
        
        2.1.3.4.6. Microorganism | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Taxonomy"
        
        2.1.3.4.7. Species | 0, 882, 26 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Taxonomy"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.1. Virus | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Species"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.1.1. Bacteriophage | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Virus"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.2. Bacteria | 8, 297, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Species"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.2.1. Escherichia coli (E. Coli) | 102 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Bacteria"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.2.2. Mycoplasma | 40, 187, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Bacteria"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.2.2.1. Mycoplasma genitalium (M. genitalium) | 147 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mycoplasma"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.3. Archaea | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Species"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.4. Eukarya | 9, 576, 16 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Species"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.4.1. Fungus | 11, 65, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Eukarya"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.4.1.1. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) | 54 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Fungus"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.4.2. Plant | 11, 375, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Eukarya"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.4.2.1. Borlotti beans | 271 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Plant"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.4.2.2. Pinto bean | 93 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Plant"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.4.3. Animal | 11, 127, 10 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Eukarya"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.4.3.1. Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) | 29 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Animal"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.4.3.2. Drosophila melanogaster (Common fruit fly) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Animal"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.4.3.3. Human (Homo sapiens) | 12, 87, 7 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Animal"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.4.3.3.1. Human body | 9, 9, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Human"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.4.3.3.1.1. Human nervous system | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Human body"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.4.3.3.1.1.1. Recurrent laryngeal nerve | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Human nervous system"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.4.3.3.2. Human genome | 21, 66, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Human"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.4.3.3.2.1. Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Human genome"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.4.3.3.2.2. Human Genome Project | 45 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Human genome"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.4.3.3.3. Transhumanism | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Human"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.5. Extraterrestrial life (alien) | 0, 9, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Species"
        
        2.1.3.4.7.5.1. Alien | 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Extraterrestrial life"
      - 2.1.3.5. Evolution | 65, 77, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Biology"
        
        2.1.3.5.1. Argument from poor design | 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Evolution"
        
        2.1.3.5.2. Natural selection | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Evolution"
      - 2.1.3.6. Biotechnology | 0, 70, 10 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Biology"
        
        2.1.3.6.1. Biosafety level (BSL) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Biotechnology"
        
        2.1.3.6.2. Biotechnology tools | 0, 0, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Biotechnology"
        
        2.1.3.6.2.1. Gel electrophoresis | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Biotechnology tools"
        
        2.1.3.6.2.1.1. Agarose gel electrophoresis | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Gel electrophoresis"
        
        2.1.3.6.2.2. Petri dish | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Biotechnology tools"
        
        2.1.3.6.2.3. Pipette | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Biotechnology tools"
        
        2.1.3.6.3. Tissue engineering | 0, 67, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Biotechnology"
        
        2.1.3.6.3.1. Cultured meat | 67, 67, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Tissue engineering"
        
        2.1.3.6.3.1.1. Eat Just | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cultured meat"
        
        2.1.3.6.4. Synthetic biology | 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Biotechnology"
      - 2.1.3.7. Biologist | 0, 41, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Biology"
        
        2.1.3.7.1. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Biologist"
        
        2.1.3.7.2. Craig Venter | 14 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Biologist"
        
        2.1.3.7.3. George M. Church | 27 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Biologist"
      - 2.1.3.8. Disease | 0, 17, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Biology"
        
        2.1.3.8.1. Obesity | 17 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Disease"
      - 2.1.3.9. Life | 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Biology"
      - 2.1.3.10. Reproduction | 0, 69, 10 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Biology"
        
        2.1.3.10.1. Sexual reproduction | 0, 69, 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Reproduction"
        
        2.1.3.10.1.1. Female | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Sexual reproduction"
        
        2.1.3.10.1.2. Male | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Sexual reproduction"
        
        2.1.3.10.1.3. Sexual arousal | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Sexual reproduction"
        
        2.1.3.10.1.4. Sexual desire | 69 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Sexual reproduction"
        
        2.1.3.10.1.5. Orgasm | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Sexual reproduction"
        
        2.1.3.10.1.6. Sexual intercourse | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Sexual reproduction"
        
        2.1.3.10.1.7. Sexual organ | 0, 0, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Sexual reproduction"
        
        2.1.3.10.1.7.1. Penis | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Sexual organ"
        
        2.1.3.10.1.7.2. Vagina | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Sexual organ"
      - 2.1.3.11. Medicine | 0, 0, 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Biology"
        
        2.1.3.11.1. Pharmacy | 0, 0, 11 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Medicine"
        
        2.1.3.11.1.1. Drug | 0, 0, 10 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Pharmacy"
        
        2.1.3.11.1.1.1. Recreational drug | 0, 0, 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Drug"
        
        2.1.3.11.1.1.1.1. Bad trip | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Recreational drug"
        
        2.1.3.11.1.1.1.2. Addiction | 0, 0, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Recreational drug"
        
        2.1.3.11.1.1.1.2.1. Drug addict | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Addiction"
        
        2.1.3.11.1.1.1.2.2. Drug tolerance | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Addiction"
        
        2.1.3.11.1.1.1.3. Drug traffic | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Recreational drug"
        
        2.1.3.11.1.1.1.3.1. Drug lord | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Drug traffic"
        
        2.1.3.11.1.1.1.4. List of recreational drugs | 0, 0, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Recreational drug"
        
        2.1.3.11.1.1.1.4.1. Marijuana | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "List of recreational drugs"
        
        2.1.3.11.1.1.1.4.2. Heroin | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "List of recreational drugs"
    - 2.1.4. Astronomy | 0, 253, 13 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Natural science"
      - 2.1.4.1. Astrophysics | 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Astronomy"
      - 2.1.4.2. Age of the universe | 226 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Astronomy"
      - 2.1.4.3. Virgo Supercluster | 0, 15, 10 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Astronomy"
        
        2.1.4.3.1. Local group | 0, 15, 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Virgo Supercluster"
        
        2.1.4.3.1.1. Milky way | 15, 15, 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Local group"
        
        2.1.4.3.1.1.1. Orion Arm | 0, 0, 7 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Milky way"
        
        2.1.4.3.1.1.1.1. Solar system | 0, 0, 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Orion Arm"
        
        2.1.4.3.1.1.1.1.1. Earth | 0, 0, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Solar system"
        
        2.1.4.3.1.1.1.1.1.1. Age of Earth | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Earth"
        
        2.1.4.3.1.1.1.1.1.2. Earth science | 0, 0, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Earth"
        
        2.1.4.3.1.1.1.1.1.2.1. Climatology | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Earth science"
        
        2.1.4.3.1.1.1.1.1.2.2. Climate change | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Earth science"
        
        2.1.4.3.1.1.1.1.1.2.2.1. Global warming | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Climate change"
    - 2.1.5. Laboratory | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Natural science"
  - 2.2. Social science | 0, 5k, 99 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Science"
    - 2.2.1. Country | 54, 3k, 38 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Social science"
      - 2.2.1.1. China | 55, 211, 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Country"
        
        2.2.1.1.1. Chinese Communist Party (CCP) | 10 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "China"
        
        2.2.1.1.2. Chinese cuisine | 39, 41, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "China"
        
        2.2.1.1.2.1. Congee (粥) | 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chinese cuisine"
        
        2.2.1.1.3. Chinese literature | 9, 105, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "China"
        
        2.2.1.1.3.1. Four Great Classic Novels (四大名著) | 0, 96, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Chinese literature"
        
        2.2.1.1.3.1.1. Journey to the West (西游记) | 0, 53, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Four Great Classic Novels"
        
        2.2.1.1.3.1.1.1. Sun Wukong (孙悟空) | 53 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Journey to the West"
        
        2.2.1.1.3.1.2. Water Margin (水浒传) | 24, 43, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Four Great Classic Novels"
        
        2.2.1.1.3.1.2.1. 108 Stars of Destiny (一百单八将) | 19 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Water Margin"
      - 2.2.1.2. Brazil | 126, 1k, 7 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Country"
        
        2.2.1.2.1. Favela | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Brazil"
        
        2.2.1.2.2. States of Brazil | 0, 918, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Brazil"
        
        2.2.1.2.2.1. Sao Paulo (state) | 0, 918, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "States of Brazil"
        
        2.2.1.2.2.1.1. Santos, São Paulo, Brazil | 474 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Sao Paulo"
        
        2.2.1.2.2.1.2. Sao Paulo City | 118, 444, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Sao Paulo"
        
        2.2.1.2.2.1.2.1. Municipal Market of Sao Paulo | 326 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Sao Paulo City"
        
        2.2.1.2.2.2. Rio de Janeiro (state) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "States of Brazil"
      - 2.2.1.3. Europe | 73, 609, 10 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Country"
        
        2.2.1.3.1. European Union | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Europe"
        
        2.2.1.3.2. Europe cookie law | 133 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Europe"
        
        2.2.1.3.3. Kosovo | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Europe"
        
        2.2.1.3.3.1. Kosovo War | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Kosovo"
        
        2.2.1.3.4. France | 37, 226, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Europe"
        
        2.2.1.3.4.1. Paris | 189 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "France"
        
        2.2.1.3.5. Germany | 0, 15, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Europe"
        
        2.2.1.3.5.1. Adolf Hitler | 0, 15, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Germany"
        
        2.2.1.3.5.1.1. Nazism | 15 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Adolf Hitler"
        
        2.2.1.3.6. Italy | 162 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Europe"
      - 2.2.1.4. United States (USA) | 210, 210, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Country"
        
        2.2.1.4.1. United States Government | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "United States"
        
        2.2.1.4.2. U.S. state | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "United States"
        
        2.2.1.4.2.1. Hawaii | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "U.S. state"
      - 2.2.1.5. United Kingdom | 130, 569, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Country"
        
        2.2.1.5.1. Climate of the United Kingdom (British weather) | 102 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "United Kingdom"
        
        2.2.1.5.2. Cycling in the United Kingdom | 319 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "United Kingdom"
        
        2.2.1.5.3. Cambridge, United Kingdom | 18, 18, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "United Kingdom"
        
        2.2.1.5.3.1. River Cam | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cambridge, United Kingdom"
    - 2.2.2. Globalization | 0, 139, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Social science"
      - 2.2.2.1. Globalization reduces the power of governments | 139 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Globalization"
    - 2.2.3. History | 0, 0, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Social science"
      - 2.2.3.1. Middle Ages | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "History"
      - 2.2.3.2. Museum | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "History"
        
        2.2.3.2.1. Computer History Museum | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Museum"
    - 2.2.4. Meme | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Social science"
      - 2.2.4.1. Rickrolling | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Meme"
    - 2.2.5. Politics | 0, 860, 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Social science"
      - 2.2.5.1. Politician | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Politics"
      - 2.2.5.2. Politics of the United States | 0, 860, 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Politics"
        
        2.2.5.2.1. American politicians | 0, 860, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Politics of the United States"
        
        2.2.5.2.1.1. Donald Trump | 800, 860, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "American politicians"
        
        2.2.5.2.1.1.1. The deplatforming of Donald Trump | 60 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Donald Trump"
        
        2.2.5.2.2. Political parties in the United States | 0, 0, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Politics of the United States"
        
        2.2.5.2.2.1. Democratic Party (United States, Democrat) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Political parties in the United States"
        
        2.2.5.2.2.2. Republican Party (United States, Republican) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Political parties in the United States"
      - 2.2.5.3. Nationalism | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Politics"
    - 2.2.6. Philosophy | 0, 0, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Social science"
      - 2.2.6.1. Philosopher | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Philosophy"
        
        2.2.6.1.1. Eratosthenes | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Philosopher"
    - 2.2.7. Idealism | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Social science"
    - 2.2.8. Religion | 70, 588, 23 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Social science"
      - 2.2.8.1. Cult | 30 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Religion"
      - 2.2.8.2. God | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Religion"
      - 2.2.8.3. Hell | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Religion"
      - 2.2.8.4. Saint | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Religion"
      - 2.2.8.5. List of religions | 0, 488, 18 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Religion"
        
        2.2.8.5.1. Buddhism | 124, 274, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "List of religions"
        
        2.2.8.5.1.1. Alan Watts | 95 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Buddhism"
        
        2.2.8.5.1.2. Meditation | 33 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Buddhism"
        
        2.2.8.5.1.3. Middle Way | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Buddhism"
        
        2.2.8.5.1.4. Noble Eightfold Path (八聖道分) | 22 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Buddhism"
        
        2.2.8.5.2. Confucianism (儒教) | 0, 6, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "List of religions"
        
        2.2.8.5.2.1. Analects (论语) | 2, 6, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Confucianism"
        
        2.2.8.5.2.1.1. Analects translation by Robert Eno (2015) | 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Analects"
        
        2.2.8.5.3. Christianism | 0, 195, 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "List of religions"
        
        2.2.8.5.3.1. Bible | 0, 59, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Christianism"
        
        2.2.8.5.3.1.1. Freely licensed Bibles | 59 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Bible"
        
        2.2.8.5.3.2. Catholic Church | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Christianism"
        
        2.2.8.5.3.3. Jesus | 38, 136, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Christianism"
        
        2.2.8.5.3.3.1. Quotes by Jesus | 23, 98, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Jesus"
        
        2.2.8.5.3.3.1.1. Enter through the narrow gate | 75 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quotes by Jesus"
        
        2.2.8.5.4. Falun Gong | 13 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "List of religions"
        
        2.2.8.5.5. Taoism (道教) | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "List of religions"
        
        2.2.8.5.5.1. Yin and yang | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Taoism"
    - 2.2.9. Social norm | 0, 375, 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Social science"
      - 2.2.9.1. Shibboleth | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Social norm"
      - 2.2.9.2. Political correctness | 69, 375, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Social norm"
        
        2.2.9.2.1. Ridiculous cases of political correctness censorship | 37, 306, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Political correctness"
        
        2.2.9.2.1.1. Replacement of master and slave terminology from technology | 38, 128, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ridiculous cases of political correctness censorship"
        
        2.2.9.2.1.1.1. GitHub's replacement of master branch with main (2020) | 90 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Replacement of master and slave terminology from technology"
        
        2.2.9.2.1.2. Magic the gathering's banning of 7 cards due to "racism" (2020) | 141 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ridiculous cases of political correctness censorship"
    - 2.2.10. Society | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Social science"
    - 2.2.11. War | 0, 0, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Social science"
      - 2.2.11.1. A Small Talent for War | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "War"
      - 2.2.11.2. Concertina wire | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "War"
      - 2.2.11.3. Espionage | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "War"
        
        2.2.11.3.1. Five Eyes | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Espionage"
      - 2.2.11.4. National Security Agency (NSA) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "War"
  - 2.3. Linguistics | 9, 198, 24 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Science"
    - 2.3.1. Figure of speech | 0, 44, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Linguistics"
      - 2.3.1.1. Euphemism | 44 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Figure of speech"
    - 2.3.2. Linguist | 0, 10, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Linguistics"
      - 2.3.2.1. Charles Kay Ogden | 10 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Linguist"
    - 2.3.3. Writing system | 0, 72, 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Linguistics"
      - 2.3.3.1. Transliteration | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Writing system"
      - 2.3.3.2. Logogram | 2, 4, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Writing system"
        
        2.3.3.2.1. Chinese character | 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Logogram"
      - 2.3.3.3. Alphabet | 0, 68, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Writing system"
        
        2.3.3.3.1. Cyrillic script | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Alphabet"
        
        2.3.3.3.2. Greek alphabet | 46, 68, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Alphabet"
        
        2.3.3.3.2.1. Beta ( $B$ , $β$ ) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Greek alphabet"
        
        2.3.3.3.2.2. Delta (letter, $Δ$ , $δ$ ) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Greek alphabet"
        
        2.3.3.3.2.3. Psi (Greek, $Ψ$ , $ψ$ ) | 22 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Greek alphabet"
    - 2.3.4. Natural language | 31, 46, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Linguistics"
      - 2.3.4.1. Constructed language | 0, 15, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Natural language"
        
        2.3.4.1.1. Controlled language | 0, 15, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Constructed language"
        
        2.3.4.1.1.1. Basic English | 10 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Controlled language"
        
        2.3.4.1.1.2. Learning English | 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Controlled language"
    - 2.3.5. List of languages | 9, 17, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Linguistics"
  - 2.4. Popular science (Scientific vulgarization) | 245, 330, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Science"
    - 2.4.1. Crank (person) | 55 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Popular science"
    - 2.4.2. Bill Nye | 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Popular science"
    - 2.4.3. Popular science publication | 0, 22, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Popular science"
      - 2.4.3.1. Quanta Magazine | 22 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Popular science publication"
      - 2.4.3.2. Scientific American | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Popular science publication"
  - 2.5. Scientific documentary | 0, 667, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Science"
    - 2.5.1. Cosmos: A Personal Voyage (1980) | 19 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Scientific documentary"
    - 2.5.2. 100 Greatest Discoveries by the Discovery Channel (2004-2005) | 648 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Scientific documentary"
- 3. Mathematics | 17, 10k, 239 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli's Homepage"
  - 3.1. The beauty of mathematics | 257, 548, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematics"
    - 3.1.1. Lists of mathematical problems | 13, 291, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "The beauty of mathematics"
      - 3.1.1.1. Hilbert's problems | 22 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lists of mathematical problems"
      - 3.1.1.2. Millennium Prize Problems | 244, 256, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lists of mathematical problems"
        
        3.1.1.2.1. Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer Conjecture | 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Millennium Prize Problems"
  - 3.2. Formalization of Mathematics | 439, 818, 20 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematics"
    - 3.2.1. QED manifesto | 25 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Formalization of Mathematics"
    - 3.2.2. Formal proof | 15, 144, 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Formalization of Mathematics"
      - 3.2.2.1. Formal system | 0, 39, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Formal proof"
        
        3.2.2.1.1. Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory (ZF) | 25, 39, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Formal system"
        
        3.2.2.1.1.1. Metamath | 14 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory"
      - 3.2.2.2. Axiom | 0, 90, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Formal proof"
        
        3.2.2.2.1. Consistency | 41 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Axiom"
        
        3.2.2.2.2. Independence (mathematical logic) | 49 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Axiom"
      - 3.2.2.3. Conjecture | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Formal proof"
      - 3.2.2.4. Theorem | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Formal proof"
    - 3.2.3. Set (mathematics) | 86 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Formalization of Mathematics"
    - 3.2.4. Function (mathematics) | 25, 77, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Formalization of Mathematics"
      - 3.2.4.1. Exponential function | 0, 52, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Function"
        
        3.2.4.1.1. Matrix exponential | 52 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Exponential function"
    - 3.2.5. Integer | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Formalization of Mathematics"
    - 3.2.6. Real number | 4, 4, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Formalization of Mathematics"
      - 3.2.6.1. Countable set | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Real number"
        
        3.2.6.1.1. Cantor's diagonal argument | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Countable set"
    - 3.2.7. Complex number | 43 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Formalization of Mathematics"
    - 3.2.8. Ordered pair | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Formalization of Mathematics"
  - 3.3. Algebra | 0, 2k, 65 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematics"
    - 3.3.1. Field (mathematics) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Algebra"
    - 3.3.2. Linear algebra | 0, 161, 15 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Algebra"
      - 3.3.2.1. Matrix | 0, 161, 14 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Linear algebra"
        
        3.3.2.1.1. Matrix multiplication | 11, 85, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Matrix"
        
        3.3.2.1.1.1. Matrix multiplication algorithm | 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Matrix multiplication"
        
        3.3.2.1.1.2. Linear map (linear operator) | 58, 72, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Matrix multiplication"
        
        3.3.2.1.1.2.1. Linear operator | 14 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Linear map"
        
        3.3.2.1.1.2.2. Self-adjoint operator | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Linear map"
        
        3.3.2.1.2. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors | 0, 26, 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Matrix"
        
        3.3.2.1.2.1. Applications of eigenvalues and eigenvectors | 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Eigenvalues and eigenvectors"
        
        3.3.2.1.2.2. Eigenvalue | 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Eigenvalues and eigenvectors"
        
        3.3.2.1.2.3. Eigenvector | 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Eigenvalues and eigenvectors"
        
        3.3.2.1.2.4. Eigenvectors and eigenvalues of the identity matrix | 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Eigenvalues and eigenvectors"
        
        3.3.2.1.2.5. Spectral theorem | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Eigenvalues and eigenvectors"
        
        3.3.2.1.2.5.1. Hermitian matrix | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Spectral theorem"
        
        3.3.2.1.3. Orthogonal matrix | 11, 50, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Matrix"
        
        3.3.2.1.3.1. Unitary matrix | 39 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Orthogonal matrix"
    - 3.3.3. Group (mathematics) | 0, 2k, 47 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Algebra"
      - 3.3.3.1. Abelian group | 30 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Group"
      - 3.3.3.2. Symmetry | 29 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Group"
      - 3.3.3.3. Important mathematical groups | 0, 1k, 25 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Group"
        
        3.3.3.3.1. Important discrete mathematical groups | 0, 11, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Important mathematical groups"
        
        3.3.3.3.1.1. Cyclic group ( $Z_{n}$ ) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Important discrete mathematical groups"
        
        3.3.3.3.1.2. Alternating group ( $A_{n}$ ) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Important discrete mathematical groups"
        
        3.3.3.3.1.3. Wallpaper group | 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Important discrete mathematical groups"
        
        3.3.3.3.1.4. Space group | 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Important discrete mathematical groups"
        
        3.3.3.3.2. Lie group | 198, 1k, 19 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Important mathematical groups"
        
        3.3.3.3.2.1. Applications of Lie groups to differential equations | 102 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lie group"
        
        3.3.3.3.2.2. Lie algebra | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lie group"
        
        3.3.3.3.2.3. Continuous symmetry | 18, 58, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lie group"
        
        3.3.3.3.2.3.1. Local symmetry | 40 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Continuous symmetry"
        
        3.3.3.3.2.4. Important Lie groups | 0, 693, 13 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lie group"
        
        3.3.3.3.2.4.1. General linear group ( $G L (n)$ ) | 44 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Important Lie groups"
        
        3.3.3.3.2.4.2. Special linear group ( $S L (n)$ ) | 18 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Important Lie groups"
        
        3.3.3.3.2.4.3. Orthogonal group ( $O (n)$ ) | 159, 181, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Important Lie groups"
        
        3.3.3.3.2.4.3.1. Special orthogonal group ( $S O (n)$ ) | 22 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Orthogonal group"
        
        3.3.3.3.2.4.4. Unitary group ( $U (n)$ ) | 82, 155, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Important Lie groups"
        
        3.3.3.3.2.4.4.1. Unitary group of dimension 2 ( $U (2)$ ) | 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Unitary group"
        
        3.3.3.3.2.4.4.2. Unit circle | 19 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Unitary group"
        
        3.3.3.3.2.4.4.3. Special unitary group ( $S U (n)$ ) | 49 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Unitary group"
        
        3.3.3.3.2.4.5. Poincare group | 192, 295, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Important Lie groups"
        
        3.3.3.3.2.4.5.1. Galilean transformation | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Poincare group"
        
        3.3.3.3.2.4.5.2. Lorentz group ( $S O (1, 3)$ ) | 61, 103, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Poincare group"
        
        3.3.3.3.2.4.5.2.1. Lorentz boost | 24 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lorentz group"
        
        3.3.3.3.2.4.5.2.2. Indefinite orthogonal group ( $S O (m, n)$ ) | 18 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lorentz group"
        
        3.3.3.3.2.5. Representation theory | 61 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lie group"
      - 3.3.3.4. Group isomorphism | 0, 124, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Group"
        
        3.3.3.4.1. Group homomorphism | 95, 124, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Group isomorphism"
        
        3.3.3.4.1.1. Fundamental theorem on homomorphisms | 29 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Group homomorphism"
        
        3.3.3.4.1.2. Kernel (algebra) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Group homomorphism"
      - 3.3.3.5. Direct product of groups | 0, 59, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Group"
        
        3.3.3.5.1. Semidirect product | 59 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Direct product of groups"
      - 3.3.3.6. Subgroup | 0, 916, 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Group"
        
        3.3.3.6.1. Subgroup generated by a group | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Subgroup"
        
        3.3.3.6.2. Quotient group | 45, 916, 10 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Subgroup"
        
        3.3.3.6.2.1. Subquotient | 64 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quotient group"
        
        3.3.3.6.2.2. Relationship between the quotient group and direct products | 304 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quotient group"
        
        3.3.3.6.2.3. Normal subgroup | 143, 503, 7 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quotient group"
        
        3.3.3.6.2.3.1. Simple group | 48 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Normal subgroup"
        
        3.3.3.6.2.3.2. Classification of finite groups | 71, 312, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Normal subgroup"
        
        3.3.3.6.2.3.2.1. Classification of simple finite groups | 86, 133, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Classification of finite groups"
        
        3.3.3.6.2.3.2.1.1. Monster group | 33 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Classification of simple finite groups"
        
        3.3.3.6.2.3.2.1.2. Jordan-Holder Theorem | 14 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Classification of simple finite groups"
        
        3.3.3.6.2.3.2.1.3. Composition series | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Classification of simple finite groups"
        
        3.3.3.6.2.3.2.2. Group extension problem | 108 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Classification of finite groups"
  - 3.4. Calculus | 11, 4k, 96 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematics"
    - 3.4.1. Limit (mathematics) | 46 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Calculus"
    - 3.4.2. Derivative | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Calculus"
    - 3.4.3. Riemann integral | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Calculus"
    - 3.4.4. Lebesgue integral | 23, 843, 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Calculus"
    - 3.4.5. Measure theory | 55 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Calculus"
    - 3.4.6. Fourier series | 132, 378, 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Calculus"
      - 3.4.6.1. Applications of the Fourier series | 0, 72, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Fourier series"
        
        3.4.6.1.1. Solving partial differential equations with the Fourier series | 72 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Applications of the Fourier series"
      - 3.4.6.2. Discrete Fourier transform (DFT) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Fourier series"
      - 3.4.6.3. Fourier transform | 24, 157, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Fourier series"
        
        3.4.6.3.1. Multidimensional Fourier transform | 41 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Fourier transform"
        
        3.4.6.3.2. Fourier inversion theorem | 41 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Fourier transform"
        
        3.4.6.3.3. Laplace transform | 51 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Fourier transform"
      - 3.4.6.4. History of the Fourier series | 17 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Fourier series"
    - 3.4.7. Topology | 13, 57, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Calculus"
      - 3.4.7.1. Manifold | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Topology"
      - 3.4.7.2. Complete metric space | 44 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Topology"
      - 3.4.7.3. Dense set | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Topology"
    - 3.4.8. Distribution (mathematics) | 56, 131, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Calculus"
      - 3.4.8.1. Dirac delta function | 75 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Distribution"
    - 3.4.9. Complex analysis | 14, 277, 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Calculus"
      - 3.4.9.1. Holomorphic function | 69 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Complex analysis"
      - 3.4.9.2. Analytic continuation | 52, 194, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Complex analysis"
        
        3.4.9.2.1. Visualizing the Riemann hypothesis and analytic continuation by 3Blue1Brown (2016) | 16 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Analytic continuation"
        
        3.4.9.2.2. Identity theorem | 92, 126, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Analytic continuation"
        
        3.4.9.2.2.1. Riemann zeta function | 0, 34, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Identity theorem"
        
        3.4.9.2.2.1.1. Riemann hypothesis | 34 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Riemann zeta function"
    - 3.4.10. Hilbert space | 34 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Calculus"
    - 3.4.11. Differential equation | 0, 2k, 48 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Calculus"
    - 3.4.12. Taylor series | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Calculus"
    - 3.4.13. Gradient, Divergence, Curl, and Laplacian | 0, 87, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Calculus"
    - 3.4.14. Infinitesimal | 24 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Calculus"
  - 3.5. Discrete mathematics | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematics"
    - 3.5.1. Graph (discrete mathematics) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Discrete mathematics"
  - 3.6. Functional equation | 0, 13, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematics"
    - 3.6.1. Cauchy's functional equation | 13 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Functional equation"
  - 3.7. Game theory | 0, 152, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematics"
    - 3.7.1. Nash equilibrium | 142, 152, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Game theory"
  - 3.8. Geometry | 0, 305, 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematics"
    - 3.8.1. Sphere | 0, 11, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Geometry"
      - 3.8.1.1. 3-sphere ( $S^{3}$ ) | 11 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Sphere"
    - 3.8.2. Four-dimensional space | 10, 38, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Geometry"
      - 3.8.2.1. Visualizing 4D | 28 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Four-dimensional space"
    - 3.8.3. Polytope | 0, 256, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Geometry"
      - 3.8.3.1. Regular polytope | 5, 256, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Polytope"
        
        3.8.3.1.1. Platonic solid | 38 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Regular polytope"
        
        3.8.3.1.2. Classification of regular polytopes | 213 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Regular polytope"
  - 3.9. Mathematician | 115, 756, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematics"
    - 3.9.1. High flying bird vs gophers | 591 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematician"
    - 3.9.2. List of mathematicians | 0, 50, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematician"
      - 3.9.2.1. James Harris Simons | 50 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "List of mathematicians"
      - 3.9.2.2. Paul Erdos | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "List of mathematicians"
        
        3.9.2.2.1. Erdos number | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Paul Erdos"
  - 3.10. Number theory | 0, 14, 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematics"
    - 3.10.1. Modular arithmetic | 0, 14, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Number theory"
      - 3.10.1.1. Modular multiplication | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Modular arithmetic"
        
        3.10.1.1.1. Modular multiplicative inverse | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Modular multiplication"
      - 3.10.1.2. Modular exponentiation | 14 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Modular arithmetic"
    - 3.10.2. Prime number | 0, 0, 7 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Number theory"
  - 3.11. Numerical analysis | 97, 169, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematics"
    - 3.11.1. Perturbation theory | 72 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Numerical analysis"
  - 3.12. Polynomial | 0, 58, 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematics"
    - 3.12.1. Algebraic equation | 0, 14, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Polynomial"
      - 3.12.1.1. Algebraic number | 0, 14, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Algebraic equation"
        
        3.12.1.1.1. Transcendental number | 14 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Algebraic number"
    - 3.12.2. Galois theory | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Polynomial"
    - 3.12.3. Diophantine equation | 12, 44, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Polynomial"
      - 3.12.3.1. Undecidable Diophantine equation problems | 32 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Diophantine equation"
  - 3.13. Probability | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematics"
  - 3.14. Mathematics bibliography | 35, 142, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematics"
    - 3.14.1. Mathematics YouTube channels | 0, 107, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematics bibliography"
      - 3.14.1.1. 3Blue1Brown | 107 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mathematics YouTube channels"
- 4. Technology | 0, 33k, 758 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Ciro Santilli's Homepage"
  - 4.1. Deep tech | 452 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Technology"
  - 4.2. Brain-computer interface | 12, 79, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Technology"
    - 4.2.1. Neuralink | 67 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Brain-computer interface"
  - 4.3. Engineering | 0, 14, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Technology"
    - 4.3.1. Engineer | 0, 14, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Engineering"
      - 4.3.1.1. Robert Noyce | 0, 14, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Engineer"
        
        4.3.1.1.1. Robert Noyce: The Man Behind the Microchip by Leslie Berlin (2006) | 14 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Robert Noyce"
    - 4.3.2. Industry | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Engineering"
  - 4.4. Fusion power | 21, 42, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Technology"
    - 4.4.1. Magnetic confinement fusion | 21, 21, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Fusion power"
      - 4.4.1.1. ITER | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Magnetic confinement fusion"
  - 4.5. Computer | 136, 21k, 532 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Technology"
    - 4.5.1. How computers work? | 175 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer"
    - 4.5.2. Artificial general intelligence (AGI) | 144 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer"
    - 4.5.3. Mobile phone | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer"
      - 4.5.3.1. Mobile app | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Mobile phone"
    - 4.5.4. Computer hardware | 0, 1k, 52 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer"
      - 4.5.4.1. Moore's law | 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer hardware"
      - 4.5.4.2. Semiconductor physical implementation | 49, 208, 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer hardware"
        
        4.5.4.2.1. Company that makes semiconductor production equipment | 10 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Semiconductor physical implementation"
        
        4.5.4.2.2. Wafer (electronics) | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Semiconductor physical implementation"
        
        4.5.4.2.2.1. Czochralski method | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Wafer"
        
        4.5.4.2.3. Semiconductor fabrication plant (fab, foundry) | 33, 103, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Semiconductor physical implementation"
        
        4.5.4.2.3.1. Company with semiconductor fabrication plants | 58, 70, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Semiconductor fabrication plant"
        
        4.5.4.2.3.1.1. Fairchild Semiconductor | 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Company with semiconductor fabrication plants"
        
        4.5.4.2.3.2. Photolithography | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Semiconductor fabrication plant"
        
        4.5.4.2.3.2.1. Photomask | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photolithography"
        
        4.5.4.2.4. Standard cell library | 46 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Semiconductor physical implementation"
      - 4.5.4.3. Transistor | 0, 0, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer hardware"
        
        4.5.4.3.1. Field-effect transistor (FET) | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Transistor"
        
        4.5.4.3.1.1. MOSFET | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Field-effect transistor"
      - 4.5.4.4. Integrated circuit (IC) | 74 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer hardware"
      - 4.5.4.5. Application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer hardware"
      - 4.5.4.6. Register transfer level (RTL) | 186, 188, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer hardware"
        
        4.5.4.6.1. Fabless manufacturing | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Register transfer level"
        
        4.5.4.6.2. Logic gate | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Register transfer level"
        
        4.5.4.6.3. Verilog | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Register transfer level"
        
        4.5.4.6.4. VHDL | 0, 2, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Register transfer level"
        
        4.5.4.6.4.1. GHDL | 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "VHDL"
      - 4.5.4.7. Central processing unit (CPU) | 0, 14, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer hardware"
        
        4.5.4.7.1. Microprocessor | 14 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Central processing unit"
      - 4.5.4.8. Computer data storage | 0, 82, 7 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer hardware"
        
        4.5.4.8.1. Random-access memory (RAM) | 20, 34, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer data storage"
        
        4.5.4.8.1.1. Static random-access memory (SRAM) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Random-access memory"
        
        4.5.4.8.1.2. Dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) | 14, 14, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Random-access memory"
        
        4.5.4.8.1.2.1. Synchronous dynamic random-access memory (SDRAM) | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Dynamic random-access memory"
        
        4.5.4.8.1.2.1.1. DDR SDRAM (DDR SDRAM) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Synchronous dynamic random-access memory"
        
        4.5.4.8.2. Solid-state drive (SSD) | 0, 48, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer data storage"
        
        4.5.4.8.2.1. Flash memory | 48 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Solid-state drive"
      - 4.5.4.9. Display device | 0, 96, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer hardware"
        
        4.5.4.9.1. E Ink | 96, 96, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Display device"
        
        4.5.4.9.1.1. Amazon Kindle | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "E Ink"
      - 4.5.4.10. Instruction set architecture | 21, 90, 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer hardware"
        
        4.5.4.10.1. Assembly language | 39, 39, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Instruction set architecture"
        
        4.5.4.10.1.1. Assembler (computing) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Assembly language"
        
        4.5.4.10.2. List of instruction set architectures | 10, 30, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Instruction set architecture"
        
        4.5.4.10.2.1. x86 | 0, 20, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "List of instruction set architectures"
        
        x86 Paging Tutorial | 20 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit
        
        4.5.4.10.2.2. PowerPC | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "List of instruction set architectures"
      - 4.5.4.11. Computer manufacturers | 0, 437, 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer hardware"
        
        4.5.4.11.1. Lenovo | 114, 417, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer manufacturers"
        
        4.5.4.11.1.1. ThinkPad | 303 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lenovo"
        
        4.5.4.11.2. Raspberry Pi Foundation | 0, 20, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer manufacturers"
        
        4.5.4.11.2.1. Raspberry Pi | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Raspberry Pi Foundation"
        
        4.5.4.11.2.2. Raspberry Pi 2 | 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Raspberry Pi Foundation"
        
        4.5.4.11.2.3. Raspberry Pi 3 | 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Raspberry Pi Foundation"
      - 4.5.4.12. Peripheral | 0, 34, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer hardware"
        
        4.5.4.12.1. Computer keyboard | 0, 34, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Peripheral"
        
        4.5.4.12.1.1. Kinesis Advantage 2 keyboard | 34 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer keyboard"
    - 4.5.5. Computer science | 240, 2k, 68 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer"
      - 4.5.5.1. Turing machine | 93, 172, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer science"
        
        4.5.5.1.1. Universal Turing machine | 56 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Turing machine"
        
        4.5.5.1.2. Turing complete | 23 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Turing machine"
      - 4.5.5.2. Formal language theory | 0, 353, 11 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer science"
        
        4.5.5.2.1. Formal language | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Formal language theory"
        
        4.5.5.2.2. Recursively enumerable language | 32, 32, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Formal language theory"
        
        4.5.5.2.2.1. RE (complexity) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Recursively enumerable language"
        
        4.5.5.2.3. Recursive language | 19, 274, 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Formal language theory"
        
        4.5.5.2.3.1. R (complexity) | 37 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Recursive language"
        
        4.5.5.2.3.2. Undecidable problem | 144, 194, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Recursive language"
        
        4.5.5.2.3.2.1. Mortal matrix problem | 16 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Undecidable problem"
        
        4.5.5.2.3.2.2. Computable problem | 34 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Undecidable problem"
        
        4.5.5.2.3.3. Difference between recursive language and recursively enumerable language | 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Recursive language"
        
        4.5.5.2.3.4. Recursive set | 22 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Recursive language"
        
        4.5.5.2.4. Chomsky hierarchy | 47 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Formal language theory"
      - 4.5.5.3. Computational problem | 15, 923, 20 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer science"
        
        4.5.5.3.1. Decision problem | 73, 583, 7 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computational problem"
        
        4.5.5.3.1.1. Halting problem | 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Decision problem"
        
        4.5.5.3.1.2. Function problem | 25, 501, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Decision problem"
        
        4.5.5.3.1.2.1. Busy beaver ( $B B (n)$ ) | 255 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Function problem"
        
        4.5.5.3.1.2.2. Integer multiplication | 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Function problem"
        
        4.5.5.3.1.2.3. Integer factorization | 94, 185, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Function problem"
        
        4.5.5.3.1.2.3.1. NP-hard cryptosystems | 91 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Integer factorization"
        
        4.5.5.3.1.2.4. Discrete logarithm | 34 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Function problem"
        
        4.5.5.3.2. Algorithm | 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computational problem"
        
        4.5.5.3.3. Complexity class | 0, 313, 10 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computational problem"
        
        4.5.5.3.3.1. P (complexity) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Complexity class"
        
        4.5.5.3.3.2. NP (complexity) | 9, 313, 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Complexity class"
        
        4.5.5.3.3.2.1. NP-complete | 21, 81, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "NP"
        
        4.5.5.3.3.2.1.1. Cook-Levin theorem | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "NP-complete"
        
        4.5.5.3.3.2.1.2. P versus NP problem (P vs NP) | 60, 60, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "NP-complete"
        
        4.5.5.3.3.2.1.2.1. Ladner’s Theorem | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "P versus NP problem"
        
        4.5.5.3.3.2.2. NP-hard | 15 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "NP"
        
        4.5.5.3.3.2.3. NP-intermediate | 58, 195, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "NP"
        
        4.5.5.3.3.2.3.1. BQP | 137 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "NP-intermediate"
        
        4.5.5.3.3.2.4. Co-NP | 13 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "NP"
      - 4.5.5.4. Cryptography | 0, 609, 30 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer science"
        
        4.5.5.4.1. Random number generation (RNG) | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cryptography"
        
        4.5.5.4.1.1. Hardware random number generation | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Random number generation"
        
        4.5.5.4.2. Public-key cryptography | 21, 486, 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cryptography"
        
        4.5.5.4.2.1. Digital signature | 21 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Public-key cryptography"
        
        4.5.5.4.2.2. Ring signature | 26 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Public-key cryptography"
        
        4.5.5.4.2.3. RSA (cryptosystem) | 211, 364, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Public-key cryptography"
        
        4.5.5.4.2.3.1. How large primes are found for RSA | 109 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "RSA"
        
        4.5.5.4.2.3.2. RSA vs Diffie-Hellman | 44 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "RSA"
        
        4.5.5.4.2.4. Diffie-Hellman key exchange | 36 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Public-key cryptography"
        
        4.5.5.4.2.5. Elliptic curve cryptography | 0, 18, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Public-key cryptography"
        
        4.5.5.4.2.5.1. Elliptic-curve Diffie-Hellman (ECDH) | 18 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Elliptic curve cryptography"
        
        4.5.5.4.3. Encryption | 0, 27, 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cryptography"
        
        4.5.5.4.3.1. Deniable authentication | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Encryption"
        
        4.5.5.4.3.2. End-to-end encryption (E2EE) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Encryption"
        
        4.5.5.4.3.3. Forward secrecy | 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Encryption"
        
        4.5.5.4.3.4. Disk encryption | 0, 25, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Encryption"
        
        4.5.5.4.3.4.1. Linux Unified Key Setup (LUKS) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Disk encryption"
        
        4.5.5.4.3.4.2. Disk encryption password handover plausible deniability | 25 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Disk encryption"
        
        4.5.5.4.4. GNU Privacy Guard (GnuPG, GPG) | 68 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cryptography"
        
        4.5.5.4.5. Internet privacy | 0, 28, 10 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cryptography"
        
        4.5.5.4.5.1. Anonymity | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Internet privacy"
        
        4.5.5.4.5.2. Internet privacy organizations | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Internet privacy"
        
        4.5.5.4.5.2.1. Riseup | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Internet privacy organizations"
        
        4.5.5.4.5.3. Operations security (OPSEC) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Internet privacy"
        
        4.5.5.4.5.4. Tor (anonymity network) | 0, 28, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Internet privacy"
        
        4.5.5.4.5.4.1. Tor Browser | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Tor"
        
        4.5.5.4.5.4.2. Tor Onion service | 26, 26, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Tor"
        
        4.5.5.4.5.4.2.1. Dark web | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Tor Onion service"
        
        4.5.5.4.5.4.3. The Hidden Wiki | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Tor"
        
        4.5.5.4.5.4.4. Can ISPs deanonymize Tor users based on timestamps of public posts? | 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Tor"
      - 4.5.5.5. Hash function | 60 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer science"
    - 4.5.6. Cyber crime | 0, 652, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer"
      - 4.5.6.1. Silk Road (marketplace) | 652, 652, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cyber crime"
        
        4.5.6.1.1. Ross Ulbricht | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Silk Road"
    - 4.5.7. Domain-specific language (DSL) | 40 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer"
    - 4.5.8. E-book | 0, 24, 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer"
      - 4.5.8.1. E-book file format | 0, 0, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "E-book"
        
        4.5.8.1.1. ASCII | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "E-book file format"
        
        4.5.8.1.2. PDF | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "E-book file format"
      - 4.5.8.2. E-book viewer | 0, 24, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "E-book"
        
        4.5.8.2.1. Evince | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "E-book viewer"
        
        4.5.8.2.2. Okular | 24 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "E-book viewer"
    - 4.5.9. File format | 0, 781, 33 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer"
      - 4.5.9.1. Human-readable medium | 0, 39, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "File format"
        
        4.5.9.1.1. Binary data | 12, 39, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Human-readable medium"
        
        4.5.9.1.1.1. Binary large object | 15 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Binary data"
        
        4.5.9.1.1.2. Binary-to-text encoding | 0, 12, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Binary data"
        
        4.5.9.1.1.2.1. Base58 | 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Binary-to-text encoding"
        
        4.5.9.1.1.2.2. Base64 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Binary-to-text encoding"
      - 4.5.9.2. Audio file format | 0, 381, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "File format"
        
        4.5.9.2.1. MIDI | 127, 381, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Audio file format"
        
        4.5.9.2.1.1. SoundFont | 34 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "MIDI"
        
        4.5.9.2.1.2. vmpk | 220 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "MIDI"
      - 4.5.9.3. Data file format | 0, 20, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "File format"
        
        4.5.9.3.1. JSON | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Data file format"
        
        4.5.9.3.2. XML | 20 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Data file format"
        
        4.5.9.3.3. YAML | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Data file format"
      - 4.5.9.4. Image file format | 0, 177, 7 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "File format"
        
        4.5.9.4.1. JPEG | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Image file format"
        
        4.5.9.4.2. Portable Network Graphics (PNG) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Image file format"
        
        4.5.9.4.3. Vector graphics | 17, 96, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Image file format"
        
        4.5.9.4.3.1. Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) | 72, 79, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Vector graphics"
        
        4.5.9.4.3.1.1. Inkscape | 7 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Scalable Vector Graphics"
        
        4.5.9.4.4. Image editor | 0, 81, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Image file format"
        
        4.5.9.4.4.1. GIMP | 81 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Image editor"
      - 4.5.9.5. Video file format | 0, 164, 10 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "File format"
        
        4.5.9.5.1. Subtitle | 0, 164, 7 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Video file format"
        
        4.5.9.5.1.1. How to hardcode subtitle into a video with FFmpeg? | 20 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Subtitle"
        
        4.5.9.5.1.2. Subtitle file format | 0, 144, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Subtitle"
        
        4.5.9.5.1.2.1. Subtitle file editor | 0, 144, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Subtitle file format"
        
        4.5.9.5.1.2.1.1. Subtitle Edit | 10 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Subtitle file editor"
        
        4.5.9.5.1.2.1.2. Aegisub | 16 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Subtitle file editor"
        
        4.5.9.5.1.2.1.3. Gaupol | 14 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Subtitle file editor"
        
        4.5.9.5.1.2.1.4. kitone/subtitleeditor | 104 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Subtitle file editor"
        
        4.5.9.5.2. List of subtitle file formats | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Video file format"
        
        4.5.9.5.2.1. SubRip (.srt) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "List of subtitle file formats"
    - 4.5.10. Information theory | 0, 210, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer"
      - 4.5.10.1. Noisy-channel coding theorem (Shannon's theorem) | 201, 210, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Information theory"
        
        4.5.10.1.1. Turbo code | 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Noisy-channel coding theorem"
        
        4.5.10.1.2. Low-density parity-check code (LDPC) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Noisy-channel coding theorem"
    - 4.5.11. Computer network | 0, 0, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer"
      - 4.5.11.1. Internet | 0, 0, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer network"
        
        4.5.11.1.1. Domain Name System (DNS) | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Internet"
        
        4.5.11.1.1.1. Domain name (DNS) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Domain Name System"
    - 4.5.12. Markup language | 0, 403, 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer"
      - 4.5.12.1. Cirodown | 26 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Markup language"
      - 4.5.12.2. LaTeX | 41, 108, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Markup language"
        
        4.5.12.2.1. KaTeX | 25 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "LaTeX"
        
        4.5.12.2.2. Softcover (LaTeX) | 42 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "LaTeX"
      - 4.5.12.3. Markdown | 0, 166, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Markup language"
        
        4.5.12.3.1. Pandoc | 40 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Markdown"
        
        4.5.12.3.2. karlcow/markdown-testsuite | 44 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Markdown"
        
        4.5.12.3.3. CommonMark | 80 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Markdown"
        
        4.5.12.3.4. markdownlint/markdownlint | 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Markdown"
      - 4.5.12.4. Numerical computing language | 103, 103, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Markup language"
        
        4.5.12.4.1. Scilab | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Numerical computing language"
        
        4.5.12.4.2. MATLAB | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Numerical computing language"
    - 4.5.13. Machine learning | 78, 140, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer"
      - 4.5.13.1. Natural language processing | 62 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Machine learning"
    - 4.5.14. Quantum computing | 80, 1k, 22 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer"
      - Programmer's model of quantum computers | 20 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit
      - 4.5.14.2. Quantum algorithm | 193, 193, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum computing"
        
        4.5.14.2.1. Grover's algorithm | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum algorithm"
      - 4.5.14.3. Quantum error correction | 96 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum computing"
      - 4.5.14.4. Quantum computing players | 52 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum computing"
      - 4.5.14.5. Organizations developing quantum hardware | 0, 112, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum computing"
        
        4.5.14.5.1. D-Wave Systems | 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Organizations developing quantum hardware"
        
        4.5.14.5.2. PsiQuantum | 60 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Organizations developing quantum hardware"
        
        4.5.14.5.3. Xanadu (quantum computing company) | 51 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Organizations developing quantum hardware"
      - 4.5.14.6. Organizations developing quantum software | 0, 38, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum computing"
        
        4.5.14.6.1. Cambridge Quantum Computing | 38 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Organizations developing quantum software"
      - 4.5.14.7. Quantum computer physical implementations | 49, 686, 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum computing"
        
        4.5.14.7.1. Quantum computers as experiments that are hard to predict outcomes | 218 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum computer physical implementations"
        
        4.5.14.7.2. Superconducting quantum computer | 205, 227, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum computer physical implementations"
        
        4.5.14.7.2.1. Transmon | 22 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Superconducting quantum computer"
        
        4.5.14.7.3. Trapped ion quantum computer | 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum computer physical implementations"
        
        4.5.14.7.4. Photonic quantum computer | 178, 190, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum computer physical implementations"
        
        4.5.14.7.4.1. Photonic quantum computer companies | 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photonic quantum computer"
      - 4.5.14.8. Timeline of quantum computing | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum computing"
      - 4.5.14.9. Superconducting quantum computing | 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum computing"
      - 4.5.14.10. Quantum computer simulator | 51, 63, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum computing"
        
        4.5.14.10.1. Qiskit | 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Quantum computer simulator"
    - 4.5.15. Software | 0, 13k, 314 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Computer"
      - 4.5.15.1. Cloud computing | 0, 115, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Software"
        
        4.5.15.1.1. Platform as a service (PaaS) | 49, 115, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cloud computing"
        
        4.5.15.1.1.1. Heroku | 66 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit |