Particle physics

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Currently an informal name for the Standard Model

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Chronological outline of the key theories:

Maxwell's equations
Schrödinger equation
- Date: 1926
- Numerical predictions:
  - hydrogen spectral line, excluding finer structure such as 2p up and down split: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fine-structure_constant
Dirac equation
- Date: 1928
- Numerical predictions:
  - hydrogen spectral line including 2p split, but excluding even finer structure such as Lamb shift
- Qualitative predictions:
  - Antimatter
  - Spin as part of the equation
quantum electrodynamics
- Date: 1947 onwards
- Numerical predictions:
  - Lamb shift
- Qualitative predictions:
  - Antimatter
  - spin as part of the equation

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Table of contents | 137, 32k, 512
- 1. Standard Model | 94, 5k, 96 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics"
  - 1.1. Theory of everything (TOE) | 140, 204, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Standard Model"
  - 1.2. Subatomic particle | 0, 4k, 86 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Standard Model"
    - 1.2.1. Elementary particle | 15, 3k, 74 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Subatomic particle"
      - 1.2.1.1. Are there more than 3 generations of particles in the Standard Model? | 51 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Elementary particle"
      - 1.2.1.2. Defining properties of elementary particles | 195 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Elementary particle"
      - 1.2.1.3. Photon | 138, 3k, 58 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Elementary particle"
        
        1.2.1.3.1. Light | 0, 429, 22 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photon"
        
        1.2.1.3.1.1. Light source | 0, 0, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Light"
        
        1.2.1.3.1.1.1. Lamp | 0, 0, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Light source"
        
        1.2.1.3.1.1.1.1. Gas-discharge lamp | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lamp"
        
        1.2.1.3.1.1.1.1.1. Neon lamp | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Gas-discharge lamp"
        
        1.2.1.3.1.2. Radio | 0, 0, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Light"
        
        1.2.1.3.1.2.1. Radio receiver | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Radio"
        
        1.2.1.3.1.2.2. Transmitter | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Radio"
        
        1.2.1.3.1.2.3. Radar | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Radio"
        
        1.2.1.3.1.3. Speed of light | 9, 287, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Light"
        
        1.2.1.3.1.3.1. Speed of light experiments | 90 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Speed of light"
        
        1.2.1.3.1.3.2. Faster-than-light (FTL) | 188, 188, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Speed of light"
        
        1.2.1.3.1.3.2.1. Tachyon | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Faster-than-light"
        
        1.2.1.3.1.3.2.2. Tachyonic antitelephone | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Faster-than-light"
        
        1.2.1.3.1.4. Electromagnetic spectrum | 0, 142, 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Light"
        
        1.2.1.3.1.4.1. Radio wave (1m or more, 300 GHz or less) | 77, 128, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Electromagnetic spectrum"
        
        1.2.1.3.1.4.1.1. FM broadcasting (3m, 87.5-108.0 MHz) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Radio wave"
        
        1.2.1.3.1.4.1.2. Microwave (1 mm - 1 m, 300 MHz - 300 GHz) | 13, 51, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Radio wave"
        
        1.2.1.3.1.4.1.2.1. Microwave oven | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Microwave"
        
        1.2.1.3.1.4.1.2.2. Wi-Fi (2-6 GHz) | 38 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Microwave"
        
        1.2.1.3.1.4.2. Infrared (680 nm - 1m) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Electromagnetic spectrum"
        
        1.2.1.3.1.4.3. Visible spectrum (420-680 nm, 400-700 THz) | 14 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Electromagnetic spectrum"
        
        1.2.1.3.1.4.4. X-ray (10pm-10nm) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Electromagnetic spectrum"
        
        1.2.1.3.2. Photon spin | 15 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photon"
        
        1.2.1.3.3. Radiation pressure | 0, 37, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photon"
        
        1.2.1.3.3.1. Nichols radiometer | 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Radiation pressure"
        
        1.2.1.3.3.2. Solar sail | 28 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Radiation pressure"
        
        1.2.1.3.4. Single photon production and detection experiments | 166, 878, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photon"
        
        1.2.1.3.4.1. Spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) | 380 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Single photon production and detection experiments"
        
        1.2.1.3.4.2. Two photon interference experiment | 244 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Single photon production and detection experiments"
        
        1.2.1.3.4.3. Photomultiplier | 0, 88, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Single photon production and detection experiments"
        
        1.2.1.3.4.3.1. Photomultiplier tube | 56 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photomultiplier"
        
        1.2.1.3.4.3.2. Silicon photomultiplier | 32 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photomultiplier"
        
        1.2.1.3.5. Squeezed state of light | 16 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photon"
        
        1.2.1.3.6. Optics | 43, 992, 23 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photon"
        
        1.2.1.3.6.1. Beam splitter | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Optics"
        
        1.2.1.3.6.1.1. Half-silvered mirror | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Beam splitter"
        
        1.2.1.3.6.2. Camera obscura | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Optics"
        
        1.2.1.3.6.3. Collimator | 0, 52, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Optics"
        
        1.2.1.3.6.3.1. Collimated beam | 0, 52, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Collimator"
        
        1.2.1.3.6.3.1.1. Parallel light | 52 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Collimated beam"
        
        1.2.1.3.6.4. Diffraction grating | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Optics"
        
        1.2.1.3.6.5. Diaphragm (optics) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Optics"
        
        1.2.1.3.6.6. Lens | 16, 289, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Optics"
        
        1.2.1.3.6.6.1. Biconvex spherical lens | 235, 273, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lens"
        
        1.2.1.3.6.6.1.1. Focal length (f) | 38 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Biconvex spherical lens"
        
        1.2.1.3.6.7. Optical cavity | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Optics"
        
        1.2.1.3.6.8. Point light source | 13 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Optics"
        
        1.2.1.3.6.9. Photonics | 30, 595, 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Optics"
        
        1.2.1.3.6.9.1. Photon polarization | 183, 221, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photonics"
        
        1.2.1.3.6.9.1.1. Polarizer | 38 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photon polarization"
        
        1.2.1.3.6.9.2. Poincaré sphere | 90 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photonics"
        
        1.2.1.3.6.9.3. Photonics equipment | 27, 254, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photonics"
        
        1.2.1.3.6.9.3.1. Interferometer | 0, 143, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photonics equipment"
        
        1.2.1.3.6.9.3.1.1. Fabry-Pérot interferometer | 143 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Interferometer"
        
        1.2.1.3.6.9.3.2. Optical fibre | 41 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photonics equipment"
        
        1.2.1.3.6.9.3.3. Optical table | 43 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photonics equipment"
        
        1.2.1.3.6.9.3.4. Optical ring resonator | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Photonics equipment"
      - 1.2.1.4. Higgs boson | 102, 102, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Elementary particle"
        
        1.2.1.4.1. Goldstone's theorem | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Higgs boson"
        
        1.2.1.4.2. Higgs mechanism | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Higgs boson"
      - 1.2.1.5. Lepton | 21, 360, 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Elementary particle"
        
        1.2.1.5.1. Electron | 11, 299, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lepton"
        
        1.2.1.5.1.1. Elementary charge | 34, 288, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Electron"
        
        1.2.1.5.1.1.1. Why do the electron and the proton have the same charge except for the opposite signs? | 157 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Elementary charge"
        
        1.2.1.5.1.1.2. Oil drop experiment | 97 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Elementary charge"
        
        1.2.1.5.1.2. Electron rest mass | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Electron"
        
        1.2.1.5.1.3. Positron (1932) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Electron"
        
        1.2.1.5.2. Muon (1936) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lepton"
        
        1.2.1.5.3. Neutrino | 40, 40, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lepton"
        
        1.2.1.5.3.1. Cowan-Reines neutrino experiment (1956) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Neutrino"
    - 1.2.2. Composite particle | 0, 366, 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Subatomic particle"
      - 1.2.2.1. Hadron | 0, 366, 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Composite particle"
        
        1.2.2.1.1. Baryon | 46, 209, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Hadron"
        
        1.2.2.1.1.1. Baryon vs meson vs lepton | 163 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Baryon"
        
        1.2.2.1.2. Neutron | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Hadron"
        
        1.2.2.1.3. Proton | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Hadron"
        
        1.2.2.1.3.1. Proton-to-electron mass ratio | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Proton"
        
        1.2.2.1.4. Meson | 59, 157, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Hadron"
        
        1.2.2.1.4.1. Pion (1947) | 58 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Meson"
        
        1.2.2.1.4.2. Kaon | 40 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Meson"
    - 1.2.3. Eightfold way (physics) | 61 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Subatomic particle"
  - 1.3. Parameters of the Standard Model | 48 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Standard Model"
  - 1.4. Standard Model Lagrangian | 23 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Standard Model"
  - 1.5. Why do symmetries such as SU(3), SU(2) and U(1) matter in particle physics? | 543 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Standard Model"
- 2. Maxwell's equations | 408, 1k, 27 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics"
  - 2.1. Lorentz force | 44 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Maxwell's equations"
  - 2.2. Explicit scalar form of the Maxwell's equations | 95, 245, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Maxwell's equations"
    - 2.2.1. Overdetermination of Maxwell's equations | 150 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Explicit scalar form of the Maxwell's equations"
  - 2.3. Coulomb's law | 87 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Maxwell's equations"
  - 2.4. Solutions of Maxwell's equations | 48, 153, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Maxwell's equations"
    - 2.4.1. Dipole antenna | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Solutions of Maxwell's equations"
    - 2.4.2. Maxwell's equations with pointlike particles | 105 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Solutions of Maxwell's equations"
  - 2.5. Maxwell's equations in 2D | 53 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Maxwell's equations"
  - 2.6. Existence and uniqueness of solutions to Maxwell's equations | 31 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Maxwell's equations"
  - 2.7. Electric field ( $E$ ) | 0, 109, 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Maxwell's equations"
    - 2.7.1. Electric charge | 0, 84, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Electric field"
      - 2.7.1.1. Charge conservation | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Electric charge"
      - 2.7.1.2. Electric current | 84 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Electric charge"
    - 2.7.2. Electric potential ( $ϕ$ ) | 0, 25, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Electric field"
      - 2.7.2.1. Volt (V) | 0, 25, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Electric potential"
        
        2.7.2.1.1. Electronvolt | 25 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Volt"
  - 2.8. Magnetic field ( $B$ ) | 0, 16, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Maxwell's equations"
    - 2.8.1. Magnetometer | 16 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Magnetic field"
    - 2.8.2. Magnetic vector potential ( $A$ ) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Magnetic field"
  - 2.9. Hall effect | 73 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Maxwell's equations"
  - 2.10. Electromagnetic four-potential | 49, 151, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Maxwell's equations"
  - 2.11. Electromagnetism | 12, 12, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Maxwell's equations"
    - 2.11.1. Magnetism | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Electromagnetism"
- 3. Theory of relativity | 0, 3k, 47 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics"
  - 3.1. Special relativity | 260, 3k, 39 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Theory of relativity"
    - 3.1.1. Einstein notation (Einstein summation convention) | 125, 125, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Special relativity"
      - 3.1.1.1. Raising and lowering indices | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Einstein notation"
    - 3.1.2. Einstein synchronization | 0, 0, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Special relativity"
      - 3.1.2.1. Frame of reference | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Einstein synchronization"
        
        3.1.2.1.1. Inertial frame of reference | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Frame of reference"
    - 3.1.3. Lorentz transformation | 228, 1k, 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Special relativity"
      - 3.1.3.1. Lorentz covariance | 0, 12, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lorentz transformation"
        
        3.1.3.1.1. Lorentz invariant | 12 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lorentz covariance"
      - 3.1.3.2. Lorentz transform consequence: everyone sees the same speed of light | 313 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lorentz transformation"
      - 3.1.3.3. Length contraction | 373, 409, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lorentz transformation"
        
        3.1.3.3.1. Terrell rotation | 36 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Length contraction"
      - 3.1.3.4. Time dilation | 20, 241, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lorentz transformation"
        
        3.1.3.4.1. Transversal time dilation | 221 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Time dilation"
        
        3.1.3.4.2. Transverse Doppler effect | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Time dilation"
      - 3.1.3.5. Twin paradox | 293 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Lorentz transformation"
    - 3.1.4. Maxwell's equations require special relativity | 120, 440, 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Special relativity"
    - 3.1.5. Spacetime | 0, 666, 9 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Special relativity"
      - 3.1.5.1. Four-vector | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Spacetime"
      - 3.1.5.2. Four-gradient | 38 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Spacetime"
      - 3.1.5.3. Minkowski space | 64, 264, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Spacetime"
        
        3.1.5.3.1. Minkowski inner product | 37, 200, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Minkowski space"
        
        3.1.5.3.1.1. Minkowski inner product matrix ( $η_{μ ν}$ ) | 163 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Minkowski inner product"
      - 3.1.5.4. Spacetime diagram | 60, 364, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Spacetime"
        
        3.1.5.4.1. Light cone | 199, 304, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Spacetime diagram"
        
        3.1.5.4.1.1. Timelike-separated event | 10 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Light cone"
        
        3.1.5.4.1.2. Spacelike-separated event | 95 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Light cone"
    - 3.1.6. Relativistic mechanics | 0, 116, 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Special relativity"
      - 3.1.6.1. Four-momentum | 0, 116, 5 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Relativistic mechanics"
        
        3.1.6.1.1. Relativistic energy | 0, 0, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Four-momentum"
        
        3.1.6.1.1.1. Energy-momentum relation | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Relativistic energy"
        
        3.1.6.1.1.2. Mass-energy equivalence ( $E = m c^{2}$ ) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Relativistic energy"
        
        3.1.6.1.2. Spacetime interval | 116, 116, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Four-momentum"
        
        3.1.6.1.2.1. Proper time | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Spacetime interval"
  - 3.2. General relativity | 91, 182, 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Theory of relativity"
    - 3.2.1. Why gravity is not a force? | 18 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "General relativity"
    - 3.2.2. Maxwell's equations in curved spacetime | 47 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "General relativity"
    - 3.2.3. Gravity | 26, 26, 3 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "General relativity"
      - 3.2.3.1. Experiments that measure the gravitational constant | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Gravity"
        
        3.2.3.1.1. Cavendish experiment | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Experiments that measure the gravitational constant"
      - 3.2.3.2. Graviton | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Gravity"
- 4. Applications of particle physics | 28 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics"
- 5. Quantum mechanics | 169, 20k, 270 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics"
- 6. Experimental particle physics | 0, 66, 7 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics"
  - 6.1. Cross section (physics) | 40, 40, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Experimental particle physics"
    - 6.1.1. Barn (unit) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Cross section"
  - 6.2. Particle detector | 0, 0, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Experimental particle physics"
    - 6.2.1. Cloud chamber () | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle detector"
    - 6.2.2. Bubble chamber | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle detector"
  - 6.3. Particle accelerator | 0, 26, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Experimental particle physics"
    - 6.3.1. Synchrotron | 26 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle accelerator"
- 7. Nuclear physics | 28, 2k, 45 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics"
  - 7.1. Atomic nucleus | 0, 59, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear physics"
    - 7.1.1. Nucleon | 18 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Atomic nucleus"
    - 7.1.2. Nuclear force | 41 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Atomic nucleus"
  - 7.2. Radioactive decay | 157, 778, 10 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear physics"
    - 7.2.1. Alpha decay | 158, 158, 4 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Radioactive decay"
      - 7.2.1.1. Cluster decay | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Alpha decay"
      - 7.2.1.2. Spontaneous fission | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Alpha decay"
      - 7.2.1.3. Alpha particle | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Alpha decay"
        
        7.2.1.3.1. Geiger-Nuttall law | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Alpha particle"
    - 7.2.2. Beta decay | 101 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Radioactive decay"
    - 7.2.3. Gamma ray | 217, 217, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Radioactive decay"
      - 7.2.3.1. Nuclear isomer | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Gamma ray"
    - 7.2.4. Decay scheme | 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Radioactive decay"
    - 7.2.5. Half-life | 137 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Radioactive decay"
  - 7.3. Isotope | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear physics"
  - 7.4. Nuclear fission | 0, 116, 6 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear physics"
    - 7.4.1. Neutron temperature | 4, 4, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear fission"
      - 7.4.1.1. Fast neutron | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Neutron temperature"
      - 7.4.1.2. Slow neutron | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Neutron temperature"
    - 7.4.2. Fissile material | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear fission"
    - 7.4.3. Nuclear chain reaction | 0, 112, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear fission"
      - 7.4.3.1. Nuclear reactor | 112 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear chain reaction"
  - 7.5. Nuclear magnetic resonance | 0, 13, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear physics"
    - 7.5.1. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) | 13 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear magnetic resonance"
  - 7.6. Nuclear weapon | 213, 780, 20 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear physics"
    - 7.6.1. Fission weapon | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear weapon"
      - 7.6.1.1. Boosted fission weapon | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Fission weapon"
    - 7.6.2. Thermonuclear weapon | 0, 0, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear weapon"
      - 7.6.2.1. Mark 17 nuclear bomb (1954-1957) | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Thermonuclear weapon"
    - 7.6.3. Nuclear site | 0, 214, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear weapon"
      - 7.6.3.1. Hanford site | 175, 214, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear site"
        
        7.6.3.1.1. B Reactor | 39 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Hanford site"
    - 7.6.4. Nuclear weapons program | 0, 280, 8 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear weapon"
    - 7.6.5. Multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle (MIRV) | 27 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear weapon"
    - 7.6.6. List of nuclear weapons | 0, 46, 2 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Nuclear weapon"
      - 7.6.6.1. Fat Man (1945) | 21 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "List of nuclear weapons"
      - 7.6.6.2. Little Boy (1945) | 25 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "List of nuclear weapons"
- 8. History of particle physics | 8, 63, 1 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics"
  - 8.1. Inward Bound by Abraham Pais (1988) | 55 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "History of particle physics"
- 9. Particle physics bibliography | 22, 654, 10 | 🔗 link | 🗖 nosplit | ↑ parent "Particle physics"

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