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Taxonomy
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words: 9k
articles: 300
Table of contents
9k
300
Autothrophs and heterothrophs
Taxonomy
15
6
Autothroph
Autothrophs and heterothrophs
15
4
Chemosynthesis
Autothroph
2
Hydrogen sulfide chemosynthesis
Chemosynthesis
Hydrogen chemosynthesis
Chemosynthesis
Photosynthesis
Autothroph
15
Heterotroph
Autothrophs and heterothrophs
Phylogenetics
Taxonomy
209
15
Last universal common ancestor
Phylogenetics
Phylogenetic tree
(Tree of life)
Phylogenetics
101
3
Cladogram
Phylogenetic tree
39
Coral of life
Phylogenetic tree
16
OneZoom
Phylogenetic tree
8
Mono and paraphyly
Phylogenetics
22
5
Clade
Mono and paraphyly
5
1
Monophyly
Clade
5
Paraphyly
Mono and paraphyly
17
2
Paraphyletic subgroup
Paraphyly
Non-clade groups are evil
Paraphyly
17
Basal
(phylogenetics)
Phylogenetics
29
Crown group
Phylogenetics
7
Polyphyly
Phylogenetics
50
1
Parallel evolution
Polyphyly
31
Taxonomy database
Taxonomy
3
Taxonomic rank
Taxonomy
93
5
Genus
Taxonomic rank
Domain
(biology)
Taxonomic rank
Kingdom
(biology)
Taxonomic rank
27
Phylum
Taxonomic rank
5
Class
(biology)
Taxonomic rank
Aerobic and anaerobic organisms
Taxonomy
17
2
Aerobic organism
Aerobic and anaerobic organisms
17
Anaerobic organism
Aerobic and anaerobic organisms
Unicellular and multicellular organisms
Taxonomy
274
15
Unicellular organism
Unicellular and multicellular organisms
Multicellular organism
Unicellular and multicellular organisms
274
13
Developmental biology
Multicellular organism
77
5
Developmental genetics
Developmental biology
37
4
Developmental neurobiology
Developmental genetics
18
Homeobox gene
Developmental genetics
1
Hox gene
Homeobox gene
Regeneration
(biology)
Developmental genetics
5
Chimera
(genetics)
Multicellular organism
Germline and somatic cells
Multicellular organism
61
2
Germline
Germline and somatic cells
61
Somatic cell
Germline and somatic cells
The simplest multicellular species
Multicellular organism
78
Colony
(biology)
Multicellular organism
24
Multicellularity is polyphyletic
Multicellular organism
34
Microorganism
Taxonomy
Prokaryote
Taxonomy
33
Species
Taxonomy
8k
248
Virus
Species
446
33
Virus classification
Virus
11
3
Bacteriophage
Virus classification
Baltimore classification
Virus classification
11
1
Positive-strand RNA virus
(+ssRNA)
Baltimore classification
11
Coronavirus
Virus
372
21
Coronavirus Replication Cycle
Coronavirus
8
COVID-19
Coronavirus
349
19
Why it takes several days to enter inflammatory phase in COVID-19?
COVID-19
102
Why is COVID-19 so serious in some people but not in others?
COVID-19
37
Why is COVID-19 more serious than the flu?
COVID-19
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2)
COVID-19
155
15
Variants of SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
SARS-CoV-2 cell entry
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
24
SARS-CoV-2 gene
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
27
1
ORF1ab
SARS-CoV-2 gene
7
SARS-CoV-2 protein
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
83
10
SARS-CoV-2 structural protein
SARS-CoV-2 protein
37
4
SARS-CoV-2 E protein
(envelope)
SARS-CoV-2 structural protein
6
SARS-CoV-2 M protein
(membrane)
SARS-CoV-2 structural protein
6
SARS-CoV-2 S protein
(spike)
SARS-CoV-2 structural protein
25
SARS-CoV-2 N protein
SARS-CoV-2 structural protein
SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein
SARS-CoV-2 protein
29
3
SARS-CoV-2 Nsp3
SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein
2
SARS-CoV-2 Nsp5
SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein
12
SARS-CoV-2 Nsp12
SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein
7
SARS-CoV-2 accessory protein
SARS-CoV-2 protein
17
Dengue virus
Virus
Retrovirus
Virus
63
5
Integrase
Retrovirus
Reverse transcriptase
Retrovirus
18
HIV
Retrovirus
2
AIDS
HIV
HIV vaccine
HIV
Bacteria
Species
6k
66
Bacterial cellular morphogology
Bacteria
Bacterial cell structure
Bacteria
9
1
Bacterial cell wall
Bacterial cell structure
9
Bacterial conjugation
(bacterial sex)
Bacteria
2
1
Origin of transfer
Bacterial conjugation
Bacterial genome
Bacteria
1
Bacterial chromosome is circular
Bacterial genome
Gram stain
Bacteria
18
4
Gram-positive bacteria
Gram stain
Gram-negative bacteria
Gram stain
18
2
Bacterial outer membrane
Gram-negative bacteria
13
1
Periplasm
Bacterial outer membrane
6
List of bacteria
Bacteria
6k
53
Escherichia coli
(E. Coli)
List of bacteria
5k
40
E. Coli replication time
Escherichia coli
52
E. Coli starts DNA replication before the previous one finished
Escherichia coli
1
E. Coli origin of replication
Escherichia coli
105
1
E. Coli genome starting point
E. Coli origin of replication
87
E. Coli whole cell simulation
Escherichia coli
4k
13
E. Coli Whole Cell Model by Covert Lab
(CovertLab/WholeCellEcoliRelease)
E. Coli whole cell simulation
2k
11
1.
Install and first run
E. Coli Whole Cell Model by Covert Lab
2.
Output overview
E. Coli Whole Cell Model by Covert Lab
1
2.1.
Mass fracion summary plot analysis
Output overview
3.
Run variants
E. Coli Whole Cell Model by Covert Lab
2
3.1.
Default run variant
Run variants
3.2.
Time series run variant
Run variants
4.
Other run variants
E. Coli Whole Cell Model by Covert Lab
5.
Source code overview
E. Coli Whole Cell Model by Covert Lab
1
5.1.
Condition
Source code overview
6.
Model validation
E. Coli Whole Cell Model by Covert Lab
7.
Publications
E. Coli Whole Cell Model by Covert Lab
Multi-Omics Model and Analytics
(MOMA, 2016)
E. Coli whole cell simulation
18
E. Coli Metabolome Database
Escherichia coli
E. Coli strain
Escherichia coli
1k
20
E. Coli K-12
E. Coli strain
1k
19
E. Coli K-12 MG1655
E. Coli K-12
1k
18
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 origin of replication
(3,925,744 - 3,925,975)
E. Coli K-12 MG1655
14
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene
E. Coli K-12 MG1655
753
10
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene thrL
(190-255, thr operon leader peptide)
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene
150
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene thrA
(337-2799, fused aspartate kinase/homoserine dehydrogenase 1)
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene
546
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene thrB
(2,801 - 3,733)
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene
6
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene thrC
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene
3
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene yaaX
(5,234 - 5,530)
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene
9
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene dksA
(160,604 - 160,149)
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene lrp
(932,595 - 933,089)
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene fnr
(1,398,774 - 1,399,526)
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene
7
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene arcA
(4,639,590 - 4,640,306)
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene
25
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene ytdX
(5,234 - 5,530)
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene
7
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 gene of unknown function
E. Coli K-12 MG1655
65
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 promoter
E. Coli K-12 MG1655
195
4
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 promoter thrLp
(148)
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 promoter
133
3
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 operon thrLABC
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 promoter thrLp
114
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 transcription unit thrL
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 promoter thrLp
9
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 transcription unit thrLABC
E. Coli K-12 MG1655 promoter thrLp
7
Mycoplasma
List of bacteria
639
11
Mycoplasma genitalium
(M. genitalium)
Mycoplasma
427
3
M. genitalium whole cell simulation
Mycoplasma genitalium
111
2
Lattice Microbes
(2022)
M. genitalium whole cell simulation
85
M. genitalium whole cell model by Covert lab
M. genitalium whole cell simulation
26
Mycoplasma mycoides
Mycoplasma
195
6
M. mycoides strain
Mycoplasma mycoides
195
5
M. mycoides JCVI strain
M. mycoides strain
195
4
JCVI-syn3A
(2019)
M. mycoides JCVI strain
85
1
Essential metabolism for a minimal cell (2019)
JCVI-syn3A
JCVI-syn3.0
(2016)
M. mycoides JCVI strain
15
JCVI-syn3B
(2022)
M. mycoides JCVI strain
74
Arkarya
Species
82
2
Archaea
Arkarya
59
1
Archaea are more cosely related to the eukaryotes than bacteria
Archaea
59
Eukaryote
Species
2k
138
Advantage of eukaryote over bacteria
Eukaryote
53
1
Eukaryotes can do phatocytosis due to their cytoskeleton
Advantage of eukaryote over bacteria
53
Amoeba
Eukaryote
42
Eukarya subclade
Eukaryote
1k
134
Animal
Eukarya subclade
1k
126
Animal anatomy
Animal
11
2
Anus
Animal anatomy
Cloaca
Animal anatomy
11
Animal flight
Animal
Warm-blooded
Animal
22
1
Homeothermy
Warm-blooded
22
Animal subclade
Animal
1k
119
Placozoan
Animal subclade
25
Panarthropoda
Animal subclade
33
6
Panarthropoda subclade
Panarthropoda
22
5
Arthropod
Panarthropoda subclade
10
3
Drosophila melanogaster
(Common fruit fly, Fruit fly)
Arthropod
10
2
Fruit fly model
Drosophila melanogaster
10
1
NeuroMechFly
(2021)
Fruit fly model
10
Tardigrade
(Indestructible insect-like, Water bear)
Panarthropoda subclade
12
Chordate
Animal subclade
893
102
Chordate subclade
Chordate
842
101
Lancelet
Chordate subclade
Vertebrate
Chordate subclade
842
99
Vertebrate subclade
Vertebrate
Fish
Vertebrate
763
97
Mudfish
Fish
Zebrafish
(Danio rerio)
Fish
Fish subclade
Fish
716
94
Tetrapod
Fish subclade
694
93
Tetrapod subclade
Tetrapod
637
92
Amphibian
Tetrapod subclade
Amniote
Tetrapod subclade
637
90
Amnion
Amniote
Amniote subclade
Amniote
588
88
Sauropsida
Amniote subclade
22
4
Reptile
Sauropsida
22
Sauropsida subclade
Sauropsida
2
Bird
Sauropsida subclade
1
Crow
Bird
Synapsid
(Mammals + extinct reptile like cousins)
Amniote subclade
566
82
Synapsid subclade
Synapsid
540
81
Mammal
Synapsid subclade
540
80
Milk
Mammal
Mammal subclade
Mammal
538
78
Monotreme
(Mammals that lay eggs)
Mammal subclade
64
Theria
(Mammals that don't lay eggs, wild beast)
Mammal subclade
474
76
Theria subclade
Theria
447
75
Marsupial
Theria subclade
28
Placentalia
Theria subclade
419
73
Placenta
Placentalia
Placentalia subclade
Placentalia
419
71
Bat
Placentalia subclade
29
Euarchontoglires
Placentalia subclade
386
61
Euarchontoglires subclade
Euarchontoglires
383
60
Mouse
Euarchontoglires subclade
48
5
Rat
Mouse
23
House mouse
(Mus musculus)
Mouse
25
3
Mouse mutant
House mouse
25
2
Genetically modified mouse
Mouse mutant
Knockout mouse
Mouse mutant
8
Primate
Euarchontoglires subclade
335
53
Primate subclade
Primate
335
52
Simian
Primate subclade
335
51
Simian subclade
Simian
335
50
Ape
(Hominoidea)
Simian subclade
335
49
Ape subclade
Ape
335
48
Australopithecine
(7.3 Mya)
Ape subclade
335
47
Human
Australopithecine
286
46
Human evolution
Human
4
Early expansions of hominins out of Africa
(2.1 Mya - 200 kya)
Human evolution
Early human migrations
(200 kya)
Human evolution
Interbreeding between archaic and modern humans
Human evolution
Human loss of fur
Human evolution
Human body
Human
235
38
Human phenotype
Human body
33
11
Biometrics
Human phenotype
33
9
Fingerprint
Biometrics
1
8
Fingerprint minutiae
Fingerprint
Fingerprint file format
Fingerprint
3
List of fingerprint file formats
Fingerprint file format
1
ISO 19794-2
List of fingerprint file formats
Convert image to fingerprint file format
Fingerprint file format
Fingerprint matching
Fingerprint
Fingerprint imaging
Fingerprint
Fingerprint imaging with smartphone
Fingerprint
Human Phenotype Ontology
Human phenotype
Human cell type
Human body
11
4
Human Cell Atlas
Human cell type
Human immortalised cell line
Human cell type
2
HeLa
(1951)
Human immortalised cell line
HEK 293 cell
(1973)
Human immortalised cell line
Human molecular biology
Human body
182
19
Human proteome
Human molecular biology
Human genome
Human molecular biology
126
17
Human chromosome
Human genome
Human genetic variation
Human genome
2
Personal Genome Project
Human genetic variation
ABO blood group system
Human genetic variation
Human mtDNA
Human genome
3
Human mitochondrial molecular clock
Human mtDNA
Cambridge Reference Sequence
(1981, first human mtDNA full sequencing)
Human mtDNA
1
Sequence and organization of the human mitochondrial genome by Sanger et al. (1981)
Cambridge Reference Sequence
Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup
Human genome
Human genome sequencing project
Human genome
4
Human Genome Project
(2003, first largs scale sequencing of a human genome)
Human genome sequencing project
2015 Iceland genome sequencing studies
Human genome sequencing project
100,000 Genomes Project
(2018, UK)
Human genome sequencing project
TwinsUK
(1992-, UK, 13k)
Human genome sequencing project
Human protein
Human genome
2
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
Human protein
TMPRSS2
Human protein
Human body system
Human body
Transhumanism
Human
1
Brain in a vat
Transhumanism
Laurasiatheria
Placentalia subclade
4
7
Laurasiatheria subclade
Laurasiatheria
6
Carnivora
(Cats, dogs, bears, seals)
Laurasiatheria subclade
2
Carnivora subclade
Carnivora
1
Bear
Carnivora subclade
Ungulate
(Cows, pigs, whales)
Laurasiatheria subclade
2
Ungulate subclade
Ungulate
1
Cow
Ungulate subclade
Nematode
Animal subclade
88
7
Caenorhabditis elegans
(C. elegans)
Nematode
88
6
C. elegans cell lineage
Caenorhabditis elegans
25
C. elegans body system
Caenorhabditis elegans
C. elegans models and databases
Caenorhabditis elegans
7
2
WormAtlas
C. elegans models and databases
WormWideWeb
(2023)
C. elegans models and databases
7
OpenWorm
Caenorhabditis elegans
31
Fungus
Eukarya subclade
48
3
Mold
Fungus
Yeast
Fungus
23
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(S. cerevisiae)
Fungus
22
Plant
Eukarya subclade
325
2
Borlotti beans
Plant
249
Pinto bean
Plant
73
Extraterrestrial life
(alien)
Species
4
Kardashev scale
Extraterrestrial life
Search for extraterrestrial intelligence
(SETI)
Extraterrestrial life
2
Communication with extraterrestrial intelligence
(CETI)
Search for extraterrestrial intelligence
1
Arecibo message
Communication with extraterrestrial intelligence
Ancestors
(4)
Biology
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Taxonomy
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