8.1. initrd in desktop distros
Most modern desktop distributions have an initrd in their root disk to do early setup.
The rationale for this is described at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initial_ramdisk
One obvious use case is having an encrypted root filesystem: you keep the initrd in an unencrypted partition, and then setup decryption from there.
I think GRUB then knows read common disk formats, and then loads that initrd to memory with a /boot/grub/grub.cfg
directive of type:
initrd /initrd.img-4.4.0-108-generic