7.4. Init environment

The kernel parses parameters from the kernel command line up to "-"; if it doesn’t recognize a parameter and it doesn’t contain a '.', the parameter gets passed to init: parameters with '=' go into init’s environment, others are passed as command line arguments to init. Everything after "-" is passed as an argument to init.

And you can try it out with:

./run --kernel-cli 'init=/lkmc/linux/init_env_poweroff.out' --kernel-cli-after-dash 'asdf=qwer zxcv'

From the generated QEMU command, we see that the kernel CLI at LKMC 69f5745d3df11d5c741551009df86ea6c61a09cf now contains:

init=/lkmc/linux/init_env_poweroff.out console=ttyS0 - lkmc_home=/lkmc asdf=qwer zxcv

and the init program outputs:

args:
/lkmc/linux/init_env_poweroff.out
-
zxcv

env:
HOME=/
TERM=linux
lkmc_home=/lkmc
asdf=qwer

As of the Linux kernel v5.7 (possibly earlier, I’ve skipped a few releases), boot also shows the init arguments and environment very clearly, which is a great addition:

<6>[    0.309984] Run /sbin/init as init process
<7>[    0.309991]   with arguments:
<7>[    0.309997]     /sbin/init
<7>[    0.310004]     nokaslr
<7>[    0.310010]     -
<7>[    0.310016]   with environment:
<7>[    0.310022]     HOME=/
<7>[    0.310028]     TERM=linux
<7>[    0.310035]     earlyprintk=pl011,0x1c090000
<7>[    0.310041]     lkmc_home=/lkmc